Short- and long-term impact of adapted physical activity and diet counseling during adjuvant breast cancer therapy: the “APAD1” randomized controlled trial

Carayol, Marion; Ninot, Gregory; Senesse, Pierre; Bleuse, Jean-Pierre; Gourgou, Sophie; Sancho-Garnier, Hélène; Sari, Chakib; Romieu, Isabelle; Romieu, Gilles; Jacot, William

doi:10.1186/s12885-019-5896-6

Table 3 Mean values at baseline, and between-group differences and at the end of chemotherapy, the end of radiotherapy and at 6-month and 1-year follow-up for muscular, body composition and attentional outcomes

From: Short- and long-term impact of adapted physical activity and diet counseling during adjuvant breast cancer therapy: the “APAD1” randomized controlled trial

		T0 Baseline	T1–18 weeks Mid-intervention			T2–26 weeks End of intervention			T3–52 weeks 6-month follow-up			T4–78 weeks 1-year follow-up
		Mean (SD)	AMD (95% CI)*	EF	P†	AMD (95% CI)*	EF	P†	AMD (95% CI)*	EF	P†	AMD (95% CI)*	EF	P†
Muscular tests
Sit-and-stand 30s^‡	UC	16.4 (4.9)	–	–	–	0.07 (0.02; 0.12)	0.25	*0.005*	0.04 (−0.03; 0.11)	0.09	0.203	0.07 (−0.03; 0.17)	0.12	0.125
Sit-and-stand 30s^‡	APAD	15.3 (3.7)
Sit-and-stand ratio	UC	0.95 (0.12)	–	–	–	0.04 (0.01; 0.08)	0.22	*0.013*	0.036 (−0.007; 0.078)	0.14	0.081	0.01 (− 0.05; 0.06)	0.02	0.563
Sit-and-stand ratio	APAD	0.92 (0.11)
Power ratio	UC	0.94 (0.14)	–	–	–	−0.01 (− 0.06; 0.04)	0.09	0.541	−0.07 (− 0.13; − 0.01)	−0.19	*0.041*	−0.02 (− 0.1; 0.06)	− 0.05	0.508
Power ratio	APAD	0.96 (0.15)
Force ratio	UC	0.99 (0.14)	–	–	–	0.00 (−0.04; 0.04)	0.01	0.978	−0.02 (− 0.07; 0.04)	− 0.05	0.529	−0.04 (− 0.11; 0.03)	− 0.09	0.313
Force ratio	APAD	1.00 (0.15)
Attentional performances (TAP)
Alertness index	UC	−0.002 (0.099)	–	–	–	− 0.01 (− 0.04; 0.01)	−0.09	0.359	0.00 (−0.03; 0.04)	0.02	0.918	0.01 (−0.04; 0.06)	0.04	0.700
Alertness index	APAD	0.010 (0.069)
Flexibility index	UC	6.7 (9.4)	–	–	–	2.58 (0.54; 4.62)	0.21	*0.044*	0.281 (−2.46; 3.03)	0.02	0.841	0.972 (−2.49; 4.44)	0.05	0.594
Flexibility index	APAD	7.2 (9)
Flexibility: errors^‡	UC	2 (4.1)	–	–	–	−0.29 (−0.48; − 0.09)	− 0.24	*0.024*	−0.05 (− 0.32; 0.22)	− 0.03	0.741	−0.023 (− 0.38; 0.34)	− 0.01	0.898
Flexibility: errors^‡	APAD	1.8 (3.4)
Working memory: errors - omissions^‡	UC	5.9 (6.5)	–	–	–	−0.06 (−0.26; 0.14)	−0.05	0.915	0.14 (−0.16; 0.43)	0.08	0.217	−0.113 (− 0.51; 0.28)	− 0.05	0.854
Working memory: errors - omissions^‡	APAD	3.7 (4.1)
Anthropometry and body composition
Weight (kg)	UC	69.7 (14.1)	−0.44 (−1.27; 0.39)	−0.09	0.576	−1.19 (−2.13; −0.25)	−0.21	0.051	−0.45 (−1.8; 0.91)	−0.05	0.680	−0.52 (−2.33; 1.29)	−0.05	0.690
Weight (kg)	APAD	67.5 (13.8)
BMI (kg/m²)	UC	25.8 (5.3)	−0.17 (−0.48; 0.15)	−0.09	0.515	−0.46 (− 0.82; − 0.11)	−0.21	*0.033*	−0.16 (− 0.66; 0.34)	− 0.05	0.664	−0.17 (− 0.84; 0.49)	− 0.04	0.706
BMI (kg/m²)	APAD	25.3 (5.4)
FM (%)	UC	32.9 (7.7)	–	–	–	−1.10 (−1.97; − 0.22)	−0.21	*0.041*	− 0.27 (− 1.53; 1.00)	− 0.03	0.717	− 0.35 (−2.05; 1.35)	− 0.03	0.708
FM (%)	APAD	33.1 (7.7)
MM (kg)	UC	45.4 (5.4)	–	–	–	−0.16 (−0.65; 0.33)	−0.05	0.741	0.33 (−0.36; 1.02)	0.08	0.279	0.56 (−0.34; 1.47)	0.10	0.174
MM (kg)	APAD	44.2 (4.9)
MM to FM ratio^§	UC	0.5 (0.2)	–	–	–	0.03 (0; 0.07)	0.17	0.093	0.02 (−0.03; 0.07)	0.06	0.469	0.01 (− 0.06; 0.08)	0.02	0.836
MM to FM ratio^§	APAD	0.5 (0.2)
FM - trunk (kg)	UC	12.2 (5.6)	–	–	–	−0.88 (−1.49; − 0.27)	− 0.24	*0.027*	−0.02 (− 0.85; 0.8)	0.00	0.985	−0.23 (− 1.28; 0.83)	− 0.04	0.734
FM - trunk (kg)	APAD	12.2 (5.4)
MM - trunk (kg)	UC	23.4 (2.9)	–	–	–	− 0.13 (− 0.37; 0.11)	− 0.09	0.468	0.02 (−0.32; 0.37)	0.01	0.779	0.06 (−0.4; 0.52)	0.02	0.689
MM - trunk (kg)	APAD	22.9 (2.6)
FM - legs (kg)^§	UC	8.7 (2.9)	–	–	–	−0.06 (−0.11; − 0.01)	− 0.20	0.071	0.02 (−0.05; 0.09)	0.04	0.555	0.01 (−0.08; 0.1)	0.02	0.734
FM - legs (kg)^§	APAD	8.4 (3)
MM - legs (kg)	UC	16.5 (1.9)	–	–	–	0.00 (− 0.21; 0.21)	0.00	0.743	0.30 (0.00; 0.59)	0.17	*0.038*	0.40 (0.01; 0.79)	0.17	*0.032*
MM - legs (kg)	APAD	16 (1.7)

Abbreviations: AMD Adjusted Mean Differences, EF Effect Size of difference between groups, CI Confidence Interval, TAP Test of Attentional Performance, APAD Adapted Physical Activity and Diet counseling intervention, UC Usual Care, FM Fat Mass, MM Muscle mass
NOTE: Bold font indicates significant difference. T1 columns contain empty cells because muscular, body composition and attentional outcomes were not measured at T1, except weight and BMI
^*Baseline value, surgery type and age-adjusted mean differences and their associated 95% confidence interval estimated with linear mixed model
^†P-value for time*arm interaction estimated with linear mixed model
^‡Log transformed variables: Sit-and-stand 30s, Flexibility: errors – TAP, Working memory: errors and omissions – TAP
^§Square root transformed variables: Muscle to fat mass ratio, Fat mass - legs only

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