Intra-arterial chemotherapy as primary or secondary treatment for infants diagnosed with advanced retinoblastoma before 3 months of age

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of 39 infants with advanced retinoblastoma

	Primary IAC	Secondary IAC
No. of patients	26	13
Age at diagnosis, months
Median (minimum-maximum)	2.0 (0.3–3.0)	3.0 (0.5–3.0)
Follow-up, months
Median (minimum-maximum)	20 (6–58)	30 (6–49)
Gender
Male	15	6
Female	11	7
Eye
Right	19	8
Left	10	5
Laterality ^a
Unilateral	21	6
Bilateral	5	7
IIRC
Group D	23	12
Group E	6	1
First signs ^b
Leukocoria	16	9
Strabismus	2	0
Erythematous eyelid	2	0
No. of IAC cycles
Median (minimum-maximum)	3 (2–6)	3 (2–6)
Additional treatments ^c
None	13	4
IVC	0	13
Local cryotherapy or laser ablation	14	7
Intravitreal chemotherapy	5	2
Pars plana vitrectomy	4	1

Note: IVC = intravenous chemotherapy, IAC = intra-arterial chemotherapy; IIRC=International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification
^aBoth eyes were treated with IAC in three patients
^bSome patients had more than one sign
^cSome patients had several additional treatments

ISSN: 1471-2407