Prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis following surgery

Table 3 Univariate analyses of overall survival and penis cancer-specific survival

Variables	Overall survival			Penile carcinoma-specific survival
Variables	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	P	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	P
Age	1.556	0.962–2.517	0.071	0.796	0.450–1.407	0.432
T stage			< 0.001			< 0.001
Tx + Ta + T1		Referent	–		Referent	–
T2	1.543	1.134–2.100	0.006	1.827	1.086–3.074	0.023
T3	2.200	1.601–3.023	< 0.001	3.278	1.982–5.422	< 0.001
T4	2.976	1.208–7.333	0.018	5.687	1.730–18.701	0.004
Lymph nodes status			< 0.001			< 0.001
Nx		Referent	–		Referent	–
N0	0.367	0.180–0.747	0.006	0.226	0.070–0.733	0.013
N1-N3	0.900	0.434–1.866	0.777	1.384	0.431–4.444	0.585
Grade			0.001			0.001
G1		Referent	–		Referent	–
G2	1.332	0.961–1.847	0.085	2.367	1.263–4.435	0.007
G3 + G4	2.020	1.402–2.912	< 0.001	3.653	1.849–7.217	< 0.001
Distant metastasis	4.874	3.038–7.818	< 0.001	10.161	5.802–17.794	< 0.001
regional lymph nodes removed	0.940	0.695–1.272	0.690	1.832	1.204–2.790	0.005
Surgery	2.390	1.476–3.870	< 0.001	3.304	1.657–6.590	0.001
LVI	2.078	1.576–2.741	< 0.001	2.741	1.786–4.205	< 0.001

SCCP squamous cell carcinoma of the penis; LVI lymphovascular invasion; CI confidence intervals
Significant values in bold, “-” = no data

ISSN: 1471-2407