Blood serum proteins as biomarkers for prediction of survival, locoregional control and distant metastasis rate in radiotherapy and radio-chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer

Table 3 Influence of the selected biomarkers on overall survival (OS), locoregional control (LRC) and metastases-free survival (MFS)

Biomarker (units)	Cut-off	(No)	3-year OS	p-value (HR)	3-year LRC	p-value (HR)	3-year MFS	p-value (HR)
OPN (n = 290) (ng/ml)	< 104	145	28.0%	< 0.001	60.5%	0.13	41.7%	0.10
OPN (n = 290) (ng/ml)	≥104	145	16.6%	*(1.74)*	55.4%	(1.45)	40.2%	(1.36)
VEGF (n = 246) (pg/ml)	< 362	122	31.6%	0.001	57.8%	0.66	42.7%	0.20
VEGF (n = 246) (pg/ml)	≥362	122	15.9%	*(1.67)*	60.1%	(1.12)	36.1%	(1.30)
EPO (n = 223) (mIU/ml)	< 16.1	107	26.0%	0.04	62.6%	0.47	48.2%	0.02
EPO (n = 223) (mIU/ml)	≥16.1	116	15.6%	*(1.38)*	62.1%	(1.24)	26.3%	*(1.67)*
HMGB1 (n = 206) (ng/ml)	< 2.85	70	26.7%	0.64	68.9%	0.39	38.9%	0.64
HMGB1 (n = 206) (ng/ml)	≥2.85	206	24.6%	(1.09)	54.9%	(1.30)	44.2%	(1.11)
IGF 1–1 (n = 98) (ng/ml)	< 99	49	16.3%	0.87	55.1%	0.31	37.6%	0.57
IGF 1–1 (n = 98) (ng/ml)	≥99	49	9.2%	(0.97)	21.9%	(1.44)	33.7%	(1.19)
PDGF (n = 85) (pg/ml)	< 249	42	20.2%	0.29	26.5%	0.013	37.1%	0.19
PDGF (n = 85) (pg/ml)	≥249	43	13.9%	(1.28)	73.0%	*(0.31)*	34.5%	(1.57)

Significance (p-value, HR) refers to the univariable Cox regression analysis, 3-year OS, LRC and MFS in the respective groups are also presented

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