Cardiovascular medication use and risks of colon cancer recurrences and additional cancer events: a cohort study

BMC Cancer

Table 3 Risks of colon cancer recurrences and any additional cancers associated with statin use

			Recurrence			Any cancer event
	N at risk^a	Person-years	N	Crude incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95%CI)	Fully adjusted recurrence HR (95%CI)^b	N	Crude incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95%CI)	Fully adjusted any cancer HR (95% CI)^b
Any statin
No statin use	1605	7222	103	14.3 (11.6–17.3)	1 (ref)	273	37.8 (33.4–42.6)	1 (ref)
Statin use	937	4734	49	10.4 (7.7–13.7)	1.09 (0.65–1.85)	187	39.5 (34.0–45.6)	1.12 (0.85–1.47)
By type of statin^c
Atorvastatin use (ref = no atorvastatin use)	219	541	6	11.1 (4.1–24.1)	1.56 (0.63–3.87)	22	40.7 (25.5–61.6)	0.94 (0.59–1.49)
Lovastatin use (ref = no lovastatin use)	425	2685	28	10.4 (6.9–15.1)	1.47 (0.89–2.43)	107	39.9 (32.7–48.2)	1.27 (0.98–1.65)
Simvastatin use (ref = no simvastatin use)	683	3335	30	9.0 (6.1–12.8)	0.94 (0.56–1.57)	130	39.0 (32.6–46.3)	1.03 (0.79–1.34)
Other statin use (ref = no other statin use)	101	329	1	3.0 (0.1–16.9)	0.28 (0.04–2.14)	17	51.6 (30.1–82.6)	1.44 (0.86–2.41)

^aN at risk differs from N in Table 1 because statin exposures are time-varying. Therefore, participants contribute unexposed time until the day they meet exposure criteria
^bFully adjusted model included: age and diagnosis year (both using natural cubic splines with knots at tertiles), sex (male/female), stage at diagnosis (I/IIA/IIB/IIIA), study site (KPWA/KPCO), race (white/black/other & unknown), time-varying smoking (yes/no), BMI at diagnosis (< 25.0/25.0–29.9/30.0+ kg/m²), Charlson comorbidity score in the year before diagnosis (0/1/2/3+), statin use in the year before diagnosis (yes/no), antihypertensive use in the year before diagnosis (yes/no), and time-varying antihypertensive use after cohort entry (yes/no)
^cEach statin exposure adjusted for all other statin exposures. People could be exposed to multiple types of statins during the study follow-up
Abbreviations: HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval

ISSN: 1471-2407