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Table 1 Comparison of characteristics between patients who received dexamethasone and those who did not

From: Single dose of dexamethasone is not associated with postoperative recurrence and mortality in breast cancer patients: a propensity-matched cohort study

 

Non-dexamethasone

(N = 2392)

Dexamethasone

(N = 236)

P-value

Demographic data

 Age (years)

50.1 ± 10.3

49.5 ± 9.3

0.418

 BMI (kg m−2)

23.3 ± 3.1

23.4 ± 3.1

0.764

 Comorbidity

  HTN

473 (19.8)

44 (18.6)

0.732

  DM

172 (7.2)

14 (5.9)

0.594

  Cardiac disease

60 (2.5)

4 (1.7)

0.656

  Pulmonary disease

46 (1.9)

6 (2.5)

0.463

  Endocrine disease

109 (4.6)

14 (5.9)

0.332

  Renal disease

16 (0.7)

1 (0.4)

> 0.999

  Liver disease

16 (0.7)

2 (0.8)

0.673

  Neurological disease

40 (1.7)

4 (1.7)

> 0.999

  Others

14 (0.6)

3 (1.3)

0.191

Anaesthetic factors

 Anaesthetic agent

  

0.001

  Volatiles

   Sevoflurane

1461 (61.1)

141 (59.7)

 

   Desflurane

613 (25.6)

47 (19.9)

 

   Isoflurane

242 (10.1)

27 (11.4)

 

   Enflurane

31 (1.3)

10 (4.2)

 

  TIVA

45 (1.9)

11 (4.7)

 

 Induction agents

  

0.029

  Propofol

1856 (77.6)

168 (71.2)

 

  Barbiturate

536 (22.4)

68 (28.8)

 

N2O

176 (7.4)

28 (11.9)

0.021

Premedicationa

1585 (66.3)

169 (71.6)

0.111

Antiemetic

2069 (86.5)

180 (76.3)

< 0.001

Rescue analgesics

2297 (96.0)

225 (95.3)

0.602

Hypertensive events

145 (6.1)

15 (6.4)

0.886

Hypotensive events

343 (14.3)

25 (10.6)

0.140

Colloid administration

36 (1.5)

6 (2.5)

0.267

RBC transfusion

12 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.616

Surgical factors

 Surgical procedure

  

0.014

  BCS

1156 (48.3)

94 (39.8)

 

  Mastectomy

1218 (51.7)

170 (60.2)

 

 Surgical duration (min)

207.2 ± 131.0

212.5 ± 108.5

0.487

 TNM staging

  

0.974

  1

1126 (47.1)

113 (47.9)

 

  2

876 (36.7)

86 (36.4)

 

  3

387 (16.2)

37 (15.7)

 

 Receptors

  Oestrogen

1652 (69.1)

173 (73.3)

0.183

  Progesterone

1506 (63.0)

151 (64.0)

0.778

  HER2

658 (27.5)

60 (25.4)

0.540

 Histological analysis

  

0.118

  Well-differentiated

508 (21.2)

48 (20.3)

 

  Moderately differentiated

1058 (44.2)

105 (44.5)

 

  Poorly differentiated

584 (24.4)

48 (20.3)

 

  Others

242 (10.1)

35 (14.8)

 

 Tumour types

  

0.818

  IDC

2105 (88.0)

212 (87.7)

 

  ILC

85 (3.6)

10 (4.2)

 

  Others

202 (8.4)

19 (8.1)

 

 Chemotherapy

1619 (67.7)

179 (75.8)

0.010

 Radiotherapy

1559 (65.2)

137 (58.1)

0.032

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, or number (percentage)
  2. BMI body mass index, HTN hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, TIVA total intravenous anaesthesia, N2O nitrous oxide, RBC red blood cell, BCS breast conserving surgery, TNM tumour–node–metastasis, HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, IDC invasive ductal carcinoma, ILC invasive lobular carcinoma
  3. aPremedication: Midazolam 0.03 mg kg−1 was administered