Fig. 5

PPARγ activation inhibits PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in bladder cancer. (a) Heat Map of PPARG and PI3K-Akt associated genes in TCGA cases. (b) Hierarchical Clustering of PPARG and PI3K-Akt associated genes in 30 human bladder cancer cell lines. (c) Phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) determined with flow cytometry. 5637 cells were treated with rosiglitazone and T0070907 (10, 20 μM) for 12 h. * signifies p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; compared with the control group treated with DMSO (0.1%). (d) Proteomic array analysis on Akt signaling pathway. 5637 cells were treated with rosiglitazone and T0070907 (20 μM) for 72 h. (e) Quantitative analysis of proteomic array. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation. #, p < 0.05 decreased when compared with the control (CT); *, p < 0.05 increased when compared with the control