From: Sleep disorders associated with risk of prostate cancer: a population-based cohort study
Sleep disorder | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||||||
Event | PY | Rate# | Event | PY | Rate# | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR† (95% CI) | |
All | 327 | 342,189 | 9.56 | 222 | 349,060 | 6.36 | 1.51(1.28, 1.80)*** | 1.42(1.20, 1.69)*** |
Age | ||||||||
< 49 | 14 | 208,908 | 0.67 | 4 | 214,073 | 0.19 | 3.82(1.26, 11.6)* | 3.12(1.02, 9.58)* |
50–64 | 94 | 79,239 | 11.9 | 58 | 81,376 | 7.13 | 1.70(1.23, 2.36)** | 1.50(1.08, 2.08)* |
≥ 65 | 219 | 54,042 | 40.5 | 160 | 53,610 | 29.8 | 1.36(1.11, 1.67)** | 1.35(1.10, 1.65)** |
P for trend | 0.23 | |||||||
Occupation | ||||||||
White collar | 146 | 187,392 | 7.79 | 89 | 193,265 | 4.61 | 1.71(1.31, 2.23)*** | 1.67(1.28, 2.18)*** |
Blue collar | 118 | 118,498 | 9.96 | 96 | 118,302 | 8.11 | 1.23(0.94, 1.61) | 1.14(0.87, 1.49) |
Others‡ | 63 | 36,300 | 17.4 | 37 | 37,493 | 9.87 | 1.77(1.18, 2.66)** | 1.56(1.04, 2.36)* |
P for trend | 0.06 | |||||||
Urbanization level | ||||||||
1 (highest) | 97 | 99,276 | 9.77 | 74 | 104,986 | 7.05 | 1.40(1.04, 1.90)* | 1.30(0.96, 1.77) |
2 | 88 | 103,147 | 8.53 | 60 | 104,878 | 5.72 | 1.51(1.08, 2.09)* | 1.43(1.03, 1.98)* |
3 | 46 | 61,671 | 7.46 | 26 | 61,550 | 4.22 | 1.78(1.10, 2.88)* | 1.79(1.11, 2.91)* |
4 (lowest) | 96 | 78,094 | 12.3 | 62 | 77,646 | 7.98 | 1.55(1.12, 2.13)** | 1.42(1.03, 1.95)* |
P for trend | 0.49 | |||||||
Comorbidity‡ | ||||||||
No | 66 | 171,700 | 3.84 | 29 | 178,753 | 1.62 | 2.43(1.57, 3.76)*** | 2.26(1.46, 3.51)*** |
Yes | 261 | 170,489 | 15.3 | 193 | 170,307 | 11.3 | 1.36(1.13, 1.64)** | 1.30(1.08, 1.56)** |
P for trend | 0.02 | |||||||
Hyperlipidemia | ||||||||
No | 221 | 281,496 | 7.85 | 141 | 288,143 | 4.89 | 1.62(1.31, 2.00)*** | 1.52(1.23, 1.88)*** |
Yes | 106 | 60,693 | 17.5 | 81 | 60,918 | 13.3 | 1.32(0.99, 1.76) | 1.24(0.93, 1.66) |
P for trend | 0.27 | |||||||
Diabetes | ||||||||
No | 288 | 326,577 | 8.82 | 188 | 333,506 | 5.64 | 1.58(1.31, 1.90)*** | 1.47(1.22, 1.77)*** |
Yes | 39 | 15,611 | 25.0 | 34 | 15,555 | 21.9 | 1.14(0.72, 1.81) | 1.15(0.72, 1.82) |
P for trend | 0.21 | |||||||
Hypertension | ||||||||
No | 132 | 245,636 | 5.37 | 70 | 253,208 | 2.76 | 1.99(1.49, 2.65)*** | 1.79(1.34, 2.40)*** |
Yes | 195 | 96,553 | 20.2 | 152 | 95,853 | 15.9 | 1.27(1.03, 1.58)* | 1.24(1.00, 1.54)* |
P for trend | 0.58 | |||||||
Urinary stones | ||||||||
No | 302 | 319,449 | 9.45 | 203 | 326,940 | 6.21 | 1.54(1.29, 1.83)*** | 1.45(1.21, 1.73)*** |
Yes | 25 | 22,740 | 11.0 | 19 | 22,120 | 8.59 | 1.29(0.71, 2.34) | 1.26(0.69, 2.31) |
P for trend | 0.60 | |||||||
Urinary tract infection | ||||||||
No | 290 | 321,203 | 9.03 | 197 | 330,283 | 5.96 | 1.53(1.27, 1.83)*** | 1.44(1.20, 1.73)*** |
Yes | 37 | 20,986 | 17.6 | 25 | 18,777 | 13.3 | 1.33(0.80, 2.20) | 1.32(0.79, 2.20) |
P for trend | 0.60 | |||||||
Obesity | ||||||||
No | 222 | 346,734 | 6.40 | 323 | 339,663 | 9.51 | 1.50(1.26, 1.78)*** | 1.40(1.18, 1.66)*** |
Yes | 0 | 2326 | 0.00 | 4 | 2525 | 15.8 | – | – |
P for trend | 0.95 | |||||||
Anxiety | ||||||||
No | 310 | 329,242 | 9.42 | 217 | 335,558 | 6.47 | 1.47(1.23, 1.75)*** | 1.39(1.17, 1.65)*** |
Yes | 17 | 12,947 | 13.1 | 5 | 13,502 | 3.70 | 3.53(1.30, 9.58)* | 2.72(0.99, 7.48) |
P for trend | 0.09 | |||||||
Depression | ||||||||
No | 317 | 332,890 | 9.52 | 216 | 339,164 | 6.37 | 1.51(1.27, 1.79)*** | 1.43(1.20, 1.70)*** |
Yes | 10 | 9299 | 10.8 | 6 | 9897 | 6.06 | 1.82(0.66, 5.00) | 1.15(0.41, 3.28) |
P for trend | 0.74 | |||||||
COPD | ||||||||
No | 233 | 304,824 | 7.64 | 156 | 313,361 | 4.98 | 1.55(1.27, 1.90)*** | 1.44(1.17, 1.76)*** |
Yes | 94 | 37,365 | 25.2 | 66 | 35,699 | 18.5 | 1.36(0.99, 1.86) | 1.35(0.99, 1.85) |
P for trend | 0.50 | |||||||
Alcohol-related illness | ||||||||
No | 318 | 331,360 | 9.60 | 217 | 338,475 | 6.41 | 1.51(1.27, 1.79)*** | 1.41(1.19, 1.68)*** |
Yes | 9 | 10,829 | 8.31 | 5 | 10,585 | 4.72 | 1.74(0.58, 5.20) | 2.72(0.81, 9.11) |
P for trend | 0.80 | |||||||
Medication | ||||||||
Hypnotics | ||||||||
No | 97 | 143,651 | 6.75 | 68 | 142,627 | 4.77 | 1.42(1.04, 1.93)* | 1.46(1.07, 1.99)* |
Yes | 230 | 198,538 | 11.6 | 154 | 206,434 | 7.46 | 1.57(1.28, 1.93)*** | 1.42(1.15, 1.74)*** |
P for trend | 0.59 | |||||||
Antihypertensives | ||||||||
No | 140 | 252,468 | 5.55 | 82 | 260,095 | 3.15 | 1.79(1.36, 2.35)*** | 1.66(1.26, 2.19)*** |
Yes | 187 | 89,721 | 20.8 | 140 | 88,966 | 15.7 | 1.33(1.07, 1.65)* | 1.28(1.02, 1.59)* |
P for trend | 0.11 | |||||||
PSA screening | ||||||||
No | 193 | 289,171 | 6.67 | 126 | 305,769 | 4.12 | 1.60(1.28, 2.01)*** | 1.58(1.26, 1.98)*** |
Yes | 134 | 53,018 | 25.3 | 96 | 43,292 | 22.2 | 1.18(0.91, 1.54) | 1.20(0.92, 1.56) |
P for trend | 0.047 |