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Table 3 Association of efficacy and safety parameters with COMT rs4680 polymorphism in the 87 subjects included in the STOP Pain Project

From: Opioid response in paediatric cancer patients and the Val158Met polymorphism of the human catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene: an Italian study on 87 cancer children and a systematic review

 

N (%)

ORa (95% CI)

G/G

A/G

A/A

Dose (mg/kg)

 High Dose24h (≥0.41 vs < 0.41)

12 (50.00) vs 12 (50.00)

21 (52.50) vs 19 (47.50)

7 (53.85) vs 6 (46.15)

1 (reference)

0.66 (0.19–2.25)

0.80 (0.16–4.01)

 High Dosetot (≥2.18 vs < 2.18)

16 (66.67) vs 8 (33.33)

18 (42.86) vs 24 (57.14)

7 (53.85) vs 6 (46.15)

1 (reference)

0.27 (0.08–0.87)

0.42 (0.09–1.98)

 High DoseVAS = 0 (≥0.26 vs < 0.26)

14 (58.33) vs 10 (41.67)

26 (65.00) vs 14 (35.00)

9 (69.23) vs 4 (30.77)

1 (reference)

0.98 (0.30–3.24)

1.47 (0.29–7.40)

Pain Intensity

 High ∆VAS (≥2 vs < 2)

14 (58.33) vs 10 (41.67)

20 (47.62) vs 22 (52.38)

6 (46.15) vs 7 (53.85)

1 (reference)

0.51 (0.15–1.65)

0.57 (0.12–2.82)

 High Timetot (≥133 vs < 133)

19 (79.17) vs 5 (20.83)

19 (45.24) vs 23 (54.76)

4 (30.77) vs 9 (69.23)

1 (reference)

0.18 (0.05–0.63)

0.11 (0.02–0.56)

Side effects, N (%)

 Gastrointestinalb

8 (33.33) vs 16 (66.67)

9 (21.43) vs 33 (78.57)

3 (23.08) vs 10 (76.92)

1 (reference)

0.56 (0.16–1.91)

0.46 (0.09–2.44)

 CNSc

2 (8.33) vs 22 (91.67)

4 (9.52) vs 38 (90.48)

2 (15.38) vs 11 (84.62)

1 (reference)

1.39 (0.21–9.44)

1.62 (0.17–15.78)

 Totald

10 (58.33) vs 10 (41.67)

14 (33.33) vs 28 (66.67)

4 (30.77) vs 9 (69.23)

1 (reference)

0.86 (0.29–2.56)

0.58 (0.13–2.54)

  1. Dose24h: total dose (mg/kg) of intravenous (IV) morphine equivalents (ME) administered during the titration phase; Dosetot: total dose (mg/kg) of IV ME; DoseVAS = 0: mean dose (mg/kg) required to achieve total pain relief
  2. PIto: pain intensity before treatment, measured with FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) or VAS (Visual Analogic Scale) numeric scale or WONG & BAKER Pain Rating Scale (range: 0–10); ∆ VAS: difference between the pain intensity after 24 h of treatment and PIto; Time tot: time in hours to reach the lowest pain intensity possible
  3. aOR and corresponding 95% confidence intervals from logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age, BMI, diagnosis, metastasis, pain location and pain intensity at baseline
  4. bGastrointestinal side effects comprehend nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation
  5. cCNS, Central Nervous System side effects comprehend agitation, drowsiness, headache and sedation
  6. dTotal side effects comprehend the occurrence of gastrointestinal and CNS side effects, and itching