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Table 1 Clinical and histological data of 58 patients with extraocular muscles metastases from BC. Literature review

From: Metastases to extraocular muscles from breast cancer: case report and up-to-date review of the literature

SOURCE

AGE (YEARS)

HISTOLOGY

INVOLVED EOMs

TREATMENTS

OUTCOMES

SURVIVAL

Wintersteiner H, [7]

58

NS

Right MR, IR

NS

NS

NS

Bedford and Daniel PD, [8]

72

NS

All EOMs Bilaterally

NT

NS

12 Days

Ashton N, [9]

58

UNDIFFERENTIATED

NS

Wide Excision

NS

2 Years and 6 Months

49

UNDIFFERENTIATED

NS

NS

NS

6 Years

Stephen L, [10]

NS

NS

MR

Excision of the Mass

NS

NS

Thomas A, [11]

40

PD

Left LR

RT + CHT

Growth on the lateral aspect completely regressed, no eyeball movement restriction.

NS

Cuttone JM, [12]

62

NS

Left LR

NS

NS

NS

Mortada A, [13]

56

NS

Right LR

CHT + RT (40 Gy)

NS

3 Years

55

NS

Left MR

CHT + RT (40 Gy)

NS

3 Years

53

UNDIFFERENTIATED

Left SR

CHT + RT (40 Gy)

NS

3 Years

Weiss R, [14]

66

Lobular

Left MR

NS

NS

NS

57

Lobular

Left SR, LR

NS

NS

NS

Citrin referred by Ashton N

NS

NS

Right LR

NS

NS

NS

Atlas SW, [15]

NS

NS

Left MR

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

LR Bilaterally

NS

NS

NS

Slavin ML, [16]

65

NS

Right SO

RT (30Gy)

Subjective Diplopia and Objective Ophthalmoplegia abated within three months.

NS

Goldberg RA, [17]

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Capone A, [18]

71

NS

MR and LR Bilaterally

Refused

NS

23 Months

Glazer LC, [19]

64

NS

Right MR, Left MR, LR

Tamoxifen + RT (35Gy) + CHT

No response, more advanced periocular infiltration bilaterally, metastases to multiple body sites.

NS

Van der Herjden A, [20]

47

Lobular

Right IR and IO

NS

NS

NS

Toller KK, [21]

47

Lobular

All EOMs Bilaterally

Right Anterior Orbitotomy. RT and CHT refused.

Unchanged

9 Months

Lacey B, [4]

NS

Lobular

MR and IR Bilaterally

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Wallace DK, [22]

79

NS

Left MR

Orbital Surgery

No diplopia in primary gaze or reading position.

NS

Lell M, [23]

63

Lobular

MR, SR and SO Bilaterally

NS

NS

NS

Fenton S, [24]

53

NS

LR

RT

Full recovery??

NS

Spitzer SG, [25]

75

PD

All EOMs Bilaterally

CHT + RT (30 Gy) + Letrozole

Improvement in ocular motility except for limited abduction.

NS

Peckham EL, [26]

52

PD

All EOMs Bilaterally

NS

NS

NS

Luneau K, [27]

45

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Kouvaris JR, [28]

50

Lobular

All EOMs bilaterally.

RT (47.5 Gy) + Anastrozole + CHT (vinorelbine and mitomycin) + Local Hyperthermia.

Diplopia partial amelioration.

13 Months.

Milman T, [29]

83

Ductal

Right LR, MR, SR;

Letrozole

Partial improvement in ocular motility.

NS

Left IO, IR

Valenzuela AA, [30]

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Murthy R, [31]

61

Lobular

Right SR, LR, IR;

RT (54 Gy) + Tamoxifen

Complete resolution at TC/PET, improvement of the ocular motility and resolution of diplopia but mild bilateral ptosis.

NS

Left SR

Wiggings RE, [32]

49

NS

Right IR

RT + CHT

Partial Improvement

11 months

45

NS

Four Recti Bilaterally Right SO

RT + CHT

Partial Improvement

8 months

Magliozzi P, [33]

NS

Undifferentiated

IR

NS

NS

NS

Sharma V, [34]

43

Ductal

IR, LR

RT

Improvement

NS

Khan NA, [35]

NS

Ductal

Right LR;

Whole Brain RT

Partial Response

Alive

Left IR, LR

Amer NM, [36]

66

Ductal

Four Recti Unilaterally

Anastrozol + RT (35–40 Gy)

NS

NS

Pierson TM, [37]

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Homer N, [38]

47

Lobular

MR

NS

NS

NS

63

Lobular

NS

NS

NS

NS

67

Lobular

MR, LR

NS

NS

NS

68

Not biopsied

Right LR, IR

NS

NS

NS

64

Lobular

Rectus Muscle

NS

NS

NS

Current Study

51

Ductal

IR

RT (40 Gy) + Fulvestrant+Palbociclib.

Total regression of the orbital lesion at PET/TC without improvement in eyesight.

Alive

  1. LEGEND – EOM ExtraOcular Muscle, NS Not Specified, PD Poorly Differentiated, MR Medial Rectus, SR Superior Rectus, LR Lateral Rectus, IR Inferior Rectus, SO Superior Oblique, IO Inferior Oblique, NT No Treatment, RT Radiotherapy, CHT Chemiotherapy