Fig. 4

Effect of oxymatrine alone on validated pathways. Oxymatrine was tested at 0.5 mg/mL which is equivalent to its concentration in CKI. a Histogram and statistical results of cell cycle affected by oxymatrine over 48 h. b Effect of oxymatrine on γ-H2AX levels after 24 and 48 h. c Effect of oxymatrine on [ADP]/[ATP] ratio after 24 and 48 h. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA comparing treated with untreated (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001); bars show one standard deviation from the mean