First author & publication year | Outcome | Measurement point | Intervention | Control | Effect estimate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SDM | mean (SD) | Total (N) | Usual Care | mean (SD) | Total (N) | SMD (95 % CI) | |||
BINARY DATA | |||||||||
Patient-reported ordering of screening | |||||||||
Krist, 2007 [43, 44] (Woolf, 2005) | patient-reported PSA tests ordered (patients’ exit questionnaires) | immediately after consultation | 1) web-based DA | 176 | 226 | no pre-visit educational material and no DA during discussions with physicians | 60 | 75 | 0.97 (0.85 to 1.11) |
2) paper version of DA in 1) | 151 | 196 | 60 | 75 | 0.96 (0.84 to 1.10) | ||||
Actual ordering of screening | |||||||||
Landrey, 2013 [42] | PSA tests order by clinicians (chart-documented) | following doctor’s appointment | flyer | 85 | 136 | no flyer | 86 | 147 | 1.07 (0.88 to 1.29) |
Krist, 2007 [43, 44] (Woolf, 2005) | physician-reported PSA tests ordered (chart-documented) | immediately after consultation | 1) web-based DA | 176 | 205 | no pre-visit educational material and no DA during discussions with physicians | 66 | 70 | 0.91 (0.84 to 0.99) |
2) paper version of DA in 1) | 155 | 182 | 66 | 70 | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.98) | ||||
Physicians’ recommendations: towards screening | |||||||||
Wilkes, 2013 [41] | doctor’s recommendations towards PSA screening: unannounced standardised patients (physicians’ questionnaires) | after clinic visitb | 1) MD-Ed + A | 16 | 36 | CDC educational brochures on PC | 34 | 43 | 0.56 (0.38 to 0.84) |
2) MD-Ed | 24 | 41 | 34 | 43 | 0.74 (0.55 to 1.00) | ||||
Physicians’ recommendations: neither nor against screening | |||||||||
Wilkes, 2013 [41] | doctors neither suggested nor recommended for or against PSA test: unannounced standardised patients (physicians’ questionnaires) | after clinic visitb | 1) MD-Ed + A | 18 | 36 | CDC educational brochures on PC | 6 | 43 | 3.58 (1.59 to 8.06) |
2) MD-Ed | 14 | 41 | 6 | 43 | 2.45 (1.04 to 5.76) | ||||
Patient-estimates of lifetime risks | |||||||||
Gatellari, 2003 [45] | how likely men were to give a correct estimate (within 2%) of the lifetime risk of dying from PC (correct answers over incorrect answers) | unclear (questionnaires mailed 3 days post-consultations) | 32-page (3085-word) evidence-based booklet | 55 | 104 | 968-word pamphlet by the Australian government | 3 | 75 | 13.22 (4.30 to 40.66) |
how likely men were to give a correct estimate (within 10%) of the lifetime risk of developing PC (correct answers over incorrect answers) | 59 | 104 | 18 | 108 | 3.40 (2.16 to 5.36) | ||||
CONTINUOUS DATA | |||||||||
Satisfaction with the visit | |||||||||
Wilkes, 2013 [41] | patient-reported satisfaction with the visit: planned visits (sum of 5 satisfaction items: 5 = least satisfied, 20 = most satisfied) | after clinic visitb | MD-Ed + A | 18 (3.00) | 102 | CDC educational brochures on PC | 18 (3.00) | 291 | 0.00 (-0.23 to 0.23) |
patient-reported satisfaction with the visit: clinic visits by patients (sum of 5 satisfaction items: 5 = least satisfied, 20 = most satisfied) | MD-Ed | 18 (2.00) | 188 | 18 (3.00) | 291 | 0.00 (-0.18 to 0.18) | |||
Men’s views towards screening | |||||||||
Gatellari, 2003 [45] | men’s views weighted towards or against reasons for having PSA testing (Scoring -5 to 5. Positive: weighting for; Higher: stronger weighting for; Negative: weighting against; Lower: stronger weighting against)b | unclear (questionnaires mailed 3 days post-consultations) | 32-page (3085-word) evidence-based booklet | 1.70 (1.58) | 106 | 968-word pamphlet by the Australian government | 1.4 (1.59) | 108 | 0.19 (-0.08 to 0.46) |
Decisional conflict | |||||||||
Gatellari, 2003 [45] | decisional conflict (9-item factors contributing to uncertainty scale; higher scores = greater decisional conflict) | unclear (questionnaires mailed 3 days post-consultations) | 32-page (3085-word) evidence-based booklet | 21.60 (4.73) | 106 | 968-word pamphlet by the Australian government | 24.3 (4.77) | 108 | -0.57 (-0.84 to -0.29) |