Fig. 7

Model evaluation and comparison between the machine learning model and the statistical model. a) C-indexes of both models among different spatial clusters sorted by decreasing C-indexes. b) Boxplot of C-indexes of both models among different spatial clusters using the Wilcoxon test (nonparametric) to compare the mean C-indexes of the models. c) The C-indexes of both models among different spatial clusters. d) Comparison of the standard deviations of the C-indexes of both models among different spatial clusters using the Wilcoxon test (nonparametric). The machine learning model exhibited better prediction performance than the statistical model