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Table 5 Summary of the recent studies on stereotactic body radiation therapy or 2-week schedule of hypofractionated radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

From: Long-term outcomes of the 2-week schedule of hypofractionated radiotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Author (year)

Design

No. of pts.

Clinical condition & indication

Dose prescription, median (range), Gy/fractions

LC, %

OS, %

Toxicity

PVTT

Tumor size, median (range), cm

CP class

  

Liver

GI

Andolino [9] (2011)

Phase I/II

60

NA

3.1 (1.0–6.5)

A,B

CP-A: 44/3 (30–48)

CP-B: 40/5 (24–48)

90 (2Y)

67 (2Y)

CP class change: 20%

(A➔B: 12%, B➔A: 8%)

Hepatic failure: 7% (all with a CP score ≥ 8)

No GI toxicity ≥ G3

Kang [12] (2012)

Phase II

47

Yes

(11%)

2.9 (1.3–7.8) (sum of size)

A,B7

57/3 (42–60/3)

95 (2Y)

69 (2Y)

No RILD

CP class change A➔B: 13%

GI toxicity G3: 6%

Gastric ulcer G4: 4%

Yoon [8] (2013)

Retro

93

No

2 (1.0–6.0)

A, B

45/3 (30–60/3–4)

95 (1Y)

92 (3Y)

86 (1Y)

54 (3Y)

RILD ≥ G2: 18% (≥ G3: 7%)

Worsening of CP score ≥ 2: 10%

No bleeding or perforation

Sanuki [7] (2014)

Retro

185

NA

CP-A: 2.4 (0.5–5.0)

CP-B: 2.7 (1.0–5.0)

A, B

CP-A: 40/5

CP-B: 35/5

99 (1Y)91 (3Y)

95 (1Y)

70 (3Y)

Worsening of CP score ≥ 2: 10%

G5 hepatic failure: 1%

NA

Huertas [21] (2015)

Retro

77

NA

2.4 (0.7–6.3)

A, B8

45/3

99 (1Y)

97 (3Y)

99 (1Y)

84 (3Y)

RILD: 5%

Gastric ulcer G3: 1%, G4: 1%

Colic ulcer G2: 1%

Katz [25] (2011)

Retro

18

No

4.0 (1.2–6.5)

A, B, C

50/10

9% of patients developed a new lesion within 12 months after transplantation

100% after LT and/or hepatic resection

(median follow up 19.6 months)

Elevated liver enzyme G3: 5.6%

No GI toxicity ≥ G3

Bae [24] (2012)

Retro

20

No

<  5 cm

(≤ 3 cm: 80%, > 3 cm: 20%)

A,B

50/10

85 (2Y)

88 (2Y)

No RILD ≥ G3

GI toxicity G1: 30%

No GI toxicity ≥ G3

Present study

Retro

77

No

2.4 (0.8–5.6)

A, B

50/10 (35–50/10)

80 (3Y)

73 (5Y)

52 (3Y)

41 (5Y)

Worsening of CP score ≥ 2: 5.2%

GI bleeding G3: 1.3%

  1. Abbreviations: CP Child-Pugh, G grade, GI gastrointestinal, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, LC local control, NA not available, OS overall survival, PVTT portal vein tumor thrombus, Retro, retrospective, RILD radiation-induced liver disease