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Table 3 General characteristics of patients and pathological factors associated with the development of BCRL

From: Lymphovascular invasion and extranodal tumour extension are risk indicators of breast cancer related lymphoedema: an observational retrospective study with long-term follow-up

 

HR

95% CI

p-value

Infections

2.20

0.99–4.92

0.0540

Dyslipidaemia

0.22

0.05–0.95

0.0431

Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2

1.09

0.65–1.84

0.7368

Estrogen receptor positive

13.0

2.31–72.8

0.0036

Progesterone receptor positive

0.44

0.15–1.28

0.1326

Hormone therapy

0.02

0.01–0.09

< 0.0001

Hormone therapy (time-dependent)

2.45

1.16–5.17

0.0187

Side

Extranodal extension

 Right

 Yes vs. No

3.38

1.53–7.47

 

 Left

 Yes vs. No

0.74

0.30–1.81

 

Side

Lymphovascular invasion

 Right

 Yes vs. No

1.41

0.74–2.70

 

 Left

 Yes vs. No

3.80

1.58–9.16

 
  1. The hazard ratio (HR) of developing BCRL was calculated using Cox Proportional Hazard Model