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Table 3 The mean DNA methylation levels in healthy women and breast cancer patients in different types of samples

From: Decreased methylation in the SNAI2 and ADAM23 genes associated with de-differentiation and haematogenous dissemination in breast cancers

 

DNA methylation levels – controls

Mean ± std. deviation (in %)

DNA methylation levels – breast cancer patients

Mean ± std. deviation (in %)

Genes

Peripheral blood cells

Mammary glandsa

Peripheral blood cells

Primary tumour

Lymph node metastasis

ADAM23

2.13 ± 0.39

4.89 ± 2.32

2.50 ± 0.64

9.98 ± 10.32

9.94 ± 10.89

uPA

1.29 ± 0.64

5.00 ± 3.80

2.20 ± 0.83

14.08 ± 16.88

9.45 ± 12.49

CXCL12

2.36 ± 0.52

4.00 ± 1.94

2.78 ± 1.14

13.41 ± 13.32

11.35 ± 9.81

TWIST1

4.44 ± 1.15

8.20 ± 6.29

4.15 ± 1.42

21.88 ± 16.68

15.23 ± 12.90

SNAI1

1.46 ± 0.58

3.80 ± 2.04

2.17 ± 1.01

6.04 ± 6.71

4.60 ± 2.04

SNAI2

2.37 ± 0.63

3.30 ± 1.34

3.46 ± 0.82

6.37 ± 4.49

5.44 ± 5.79

  1. aDonors of normal breast tissues were younger than breast cancer patients