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Table 3 Summary and subgroup analysis for the eligible studies

From: Tumor necrosis as a prognostic variable for the clinical outcome in patients with renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Analysis specification

No. of studies

Study heterogeneity

Effects model

Pooled HR(95% CI)

p-Value

I2 (%)

Pheterogeneity

CSS

 Overall

22

76.5

< 0.001

Random

1.37(1.23,1.53)

< 0.001

 Geographical region

  Asian

7

51.7

0.053

Random

1.34(1.12,1.59)

0.001

  Other regions

15

80.8

< 0.001

Random

1.40(1.22,1.60)

< 0.001

 Pathological types

  ccRCC

6

0

0.775

Fixed

1.34(1.15,1.55)

< 0.001

  Other types

16

81.7

< 0.001

Random

1.38(1.22,1.58)

< 0.001

 Staging system

  2010 AJCC

8

0

0.981

Fixed

1.30(1.17,1.44)

< 0.001

  Other system

14

82.3

< 0.001

Random

1.42(1.23,1.64)

< 0.001

 No. of patients

   ≥ 300

13

82

< 0.001

Random

1.39(1.21,1.61)

< 0.001

   < 300

9

15,4

0.301

Fixed

1.33(1.16,1.51)

< 0.001

 Median follow-up

   ≥ 40 months

12

83.3

< 0.001

Random

1.36(1.16,1.60)

< 0.001

   < 40 months

9

30.2

0.177

Fixed

1.33(1.16,1.51)

< 0.001

OS

 Overall

17

57.6

0.002

Random

1.29(1.20,1.40)

< 0.001

 Geographical region

  Asian

9

30.2

0.177

Fixed

1.38(1.25,1.51)

< 0.001

  Other regions

8

58.6

0.017

Random

1.20(1.09,1.34)

< 0.001

 Pathological types

  ccRCC

8

48.8

0.057

Random

1.33(1.19,1.49)

< 0.001

  Other types

9

62.7

0.006

Random

1.26(1.13,1.41)

< 0.001

 Staging system

  2010 AJCC

10

63.6

0.003

Random

1.30(1.17,1.44)

< 0.001

  Other system

7

53.1

0.046

Random

1.30(1.14,1.47)

< 0.001

 No. of patients

   ≥ 300

8

67.5

0.003

Random

1.25(1.12,1.39)

< 0.001

   < 300

9

29.2

0.185

Fixed

1.35(1.22,1.49)

< 0.001

 Median follow-up

   ≥ 40 months

13

62.6

0.001

Random

1.27(1.16,1.39)

< 0.001

   < 40 months

4

0

0.412

Fixed

1.37(1.20,1.56)

< 0.001

RFS

 Overall

9

35.6

0.133

Fixed

1.55(1.39,1.72)

< 0.001

 Geographical region

  Asian

6

42.7

0.12

Fixed

1.48(1.31,1.66)

< 0.001

  Other regions

3

0

0.684

Fixed

1.87(1.41,2.37)

< 0.001

 Pathological types

  ccRCC

4

0

0.541

Fixed

1.61(1.40,1.86)

< 0.001

  Other types

5

57.5

0.051

Random

1.46(1.25,1.71)

< 0.001

 Staging system

  2010 AJCC

5

54

0.069

Random

1.48(1.31,1.69)

< 0.001

  Other system

4

0

0.483

Fixed

1.69(1.40,2.04)

< 0.001

 No. of patients

   ≥ 300

4

0

0.702

Fixed

1.57(1.35,1.83)

< 0.001

   < 300

5

63.4

0.027

Random

1.52(1.32,1.76)

< 0.001

 Median follow-up

   ≥ 40 months

6

0

0.758

Fixed

1.62(1.43,1.84)

< 0.001

   < 40 months

3

75.3

0.018

Random

1.39(1.16,1.68)

0.001

PFS

 Overall

5

32.9

0.202

Fixed

1.31(1.17,1.46)

< 0.001

 Pathological types

  ccRCC

2

67.8

0.078

Random

1.44(1.20,1.71)

< 0.001

  Other types

3

0

0.6

Fixed

1.23(1.07,1.41)

0.004

 Staging system

  2010 AJCC

2

76.3

0.04

Random

1.35(1.18,1.54)

< 0.001

  Other system

3

0

0.582

Fixed

1.22(1.01,1.48)

0.036