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Table 1 Patient characteristics according to smoking history (n = 126)

From: PIK3CA mutation is a favorable prognostic factor in esophageal cancer: molecular profile by next-generation sequencing using surgically resected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue

Smoking status

0 (n = 14)

1 (n = 22)

2 (n = 30)

3 (n = 60)

p-value

Median age (range)

63 (44–73)

64 (46–75)

63 (42–76)

64 (46–79)

** 0.3949

Gender

 Male

10

20

25

57

*0.04537

 Female

4

2

5

3

 

Location

 Ce

1

0

1

0

*0.02068

 Ut

4

3

1

6

 

 Mt

4

6

18

21

 

 Lt

5

13

7

28

 

 Ae

0

0

3

5

 

Histology

 SCC

14

21

28

53

*0.642

 Others

0

1

2

7

 

TNM (UICC6th)

 T1

1

2

0

2

*0.163

 T2

2

2

0

2

 

 T3

11

18

30

54

 

 T4

0

0

0

2

 

 N0

4

5

11

10

*0.1923

 N1

10

17

19

50

 

 M0

11

18

24

51

*0.7328

 M1a

2

2

1

4

 

 M1b

1

2

5

5

 

Adjuvant

 NAC

6

11

17

31

*0.8629

 No NAC

8

11

13

29

 

HER2

 > median

4

12

17

31

*0.357

 < median

10

10

13

29

 

MET

 > median

5

13

16

33

*0.5689

 < median

9

9

14

27

 

EGFR

 > median

6

10

14

32

*0.8578

 < median

8

12

16

28

 

ALK

 > median

6

14

13

29

*0.4895

 < median

8

8

17

31

 

HGF

 > median

4

9

14

34

*0.2289

 < median

10

13

16

26

 

TP53

 Wild type

7

8

7

20

*0.372

 Mutation

7

14

23

40

 

APC

 Wild type

14

20

26

53

*0.6702

 Mutation

0

2

4

7

 

PIK3CA

 Wild type

14

16

28

54

*0.06858

 Mutation

0

6

2

6

 

FBXW7

 Wild type

14

19

27

56

*0.516

 Mutation

0

3

3

4

 

BRAF

 Wild type

14

20

28

55

*0.8769

 Mutation

0

2

2

5

 
  1. Cumulative smoking dose: pack-years (PY) = Packs/day × years of smoking
  2. Smoking status 0: non-smoker, Smoking status 1: 0 < PY < 20, Smoking status 2: 20 < PY < 40, Smoking status 3: 40 < PY
  3. Abbreviation: Ce cervical esophageal cancer, Ut upper thoracic esophageal cancer, Mt middle thoracic esophageal cancer, Lt lower thoracic esophageal cancer, Ae abdominal esophageal cancer, SCC squamous cell carcinoma, NAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy
  4. * Fisher’s exact test, ** Wilcoxon test