Table 2 HR for death in population (n = 2414) —univariable and multivariable analysis

Age (years)

0.005

0.301

  ≤ 55

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

  > 55

1.180 (1.052–1.322)

0.005

1.066 (0.944–1.204)

0.301

Sex

0.801

0.937

 Women

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Men

1.016 (0.897–1.151)

0.801

0.995 (0.872–1.135)

0.937

Tumor size

0.000

0.000

  ≤ 4 cm

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 5–8 cm

2.101 (1.848–2.389)

0.000

1.256 (1.091–1.446)

0.001

  ≥ 9 cm

3.694 (3.152–4.328)

0.000

1.372 (1.117–1.686)

0.003

Tumour site

0.000

0.000

 Whole stomach

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Upper stomach

0.499 (0.399–0.624)

0.000

1.097 (0.828–1.453)

0.519

 Middle stomach

0.324 (0.253–0.415)

0.000

0.919 (0.691–1.223)

0.562

 Lower stomach

0.316 (0.263–0.379)

0.000

0.749 (0.5814–0.966)

0.026

  > 2/3 stomach

0.512 (0.420–0.623)

0.000

0.774 (0.6110–0.979)

0.033

Gross appearance

0.000

0.000

 Borrmann types I

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Borrmann types II

0.553 (0.331–0.924)

0.024

0.562 (0.331–0.954)

0.033

 Borrmann types III

0.864 (0.527–1.417)

0.563

0.833 (0.498–1.392)

0.485

 Borrmann types IV

1.856 (1.116–3.087)

0.017

0.970 (0.571–1.648)

0.911

Tumour stage

0.000

0.002

 T1

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 T2

8.192 (5.560–12.069)

0.000

3.897 (1.716–8.850)

0.001

 T3

15.017 (10.151–22.216)

0.000

4.409 (1.894–10.262)

0.001

 T4a

21.388 (14.039–32.585)

0.000

5.901 (2.433–14.317)

0.000

 T4b

31.140 (20.876–46.452)

0.000

5.720 (2.382–13.734)

0.000

Lymph-node stage

0.000

0.003

 N0

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 N1

1.710 (1.443–2.026)

0.000

1.042 (0.839–1.294)

0.710

 N2

2.163 (1.847–2.535)

0.000

1.061 (0.831–1.354)

0.636

 N3

3.462 (2.976–4.027)

0.000

1.462 (1.122–1.905)

0.005

TNM stage

0.000

0.000

 IA

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 IB

5.046 (3.140–8.110)

0.000

1.095 (0.402–2.984)

0.859

 IIA

7.889 (4.966–12.531)

0.000

1.397 (0.503–3.881)

0.521

 IIB

11.514 (7.265–18.250)

0.000

1.709 (0.594–4.913)

0.320

 IIIA

15.752 (9.982–24.857)

0.000

1.830 (0.627–5.337)

0.269

 IIIB

18.880 (11.853–30.074)

0.000

1.775 (0.595–5.296)

0.304

 IIIC

34.931 (21.597–56.497)

0.000

2.016 (0.641–6.346)

0.231

 IV

45.506 (28.699–72.155)

0.000

1.593 (0.455–5.580)

0.467

Surgery

0.000

0.000

 Absolutely curative

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Relatively curative

2.025 (1.763–2.325)

0.000

1.203 (1.030–1.406)

0.020

 Palliative

5.815 (5.051–6.693)

0.000

2.422 (1.755–3.341)

0.000

Lymph node dissection

0.000

0.150

 D1

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 D2

0.867 (0.711–1.058)

0.161

0.815 (0.652–1.019)

0.072

 D3

0.839 (0.639–1.101)

0.206

0.830 (0.615–1.119)

0.221

 Palliative resection

3.323 (2.687–4.111)

0.000

0.677 (0.502–0.914)

0.011

Joint organ removal

0.000

0.020

 None

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Pancreas or spleen

2.125 (1.744–2.590)

0.000

1.229 (0.972–1.553)

0.085

 Liver or gall

1.722 (1.291–2.296)

0.000

1.093 (0.773–1.546)

0.615

 Transverse colon

2.227 (1.879–2.641)

0.000

1.300 (1.061–1.593)

0.011

 Other

2.907 (2.206–3.830)

0.000

1.278 (0.947–1.724)

0.109

Gastrectomy

0.000

0.603

 Total

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Subtotal

0.522 (0.457–0.596)

0.000

1.050 (0.874–1.261)

0.603

Hepatic metastasis

0.000

0.037

 No

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Yes

4.548 (3.555–5.818)

0.000

1.769 (1.035–3.023)

0.037

Peritoneum metastasis

0.000

0.004

 No

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Yes

4.190 (3.547–4.948)

0.000

1.525 (0.837–2.780)

0.168

Adjunctive therapy

0.000

0.001

 No

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 Yes

0.720 (0.612–0.846)

0.000

0.766 (0.638–0.919)

0.004

Diagnosis period

0.004

0.023

 1980s

1 (Ref)

1 (Ref)

 1990s

0.948 (0.817–1.100)

0.479

0.903 (0.767–1.063)

0.220

 2000s

0.823 (0.714–0.948)

0.007

0.846 (0.702–1.020)

0.080