Fig. 2

Gene expression profile and rescue of GOT1-null 143B cells with different metabolites. a Gene expression profile before glucose deprivation b, Gene expression profile 4 h after glucose deprivation. c Changes of LC3-II levels before and after glucose deprivation for 4 h. d Cell viability in different concentrations of glucose for 24 h. e Cell viability upon glutamine deprivation for 24 h. f Relative viabilities of wild type 143B and A549 cells in medium with glucose concentration at 4.5 g/L or 0 g/L in the presence of AOA at concentration of 5 mM. g Relative cell viability in medium supplemented with different metabolites (Glc: glucose; Gly: glycine; Ser: serine; Gal: galactose). h Illustration of intermediates in gluconeogenesis pathway. i Wild type and GOT1-null 143B cells grown in glucose free medium supplemented with 10 mM aspartate (Asp), 5 mM OAA, or 2.5 mM PEP for 4 h, j, 16 h and k, 24 h. All the experiments have been repeated three times, and data are represented as mean ± s.d. One-way ANOVA test was performed for d, g, i, j and k. Unpaired student’s t-test was performed for a, b, e and f. *** p < 0.001;** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05; NS: not significant