Table 3 Positive predictive values and positive likelihood ratios for upper GI cancers divided by specific and non-specific upper GI cancer alarm symptoms experienced in the general population
Cases of upper GI cancers, numbers (N, %), positive predictive values, PPV (%) with 95%-CI and positive likelihood ratios (LR+) | Total | |
|---|---|---|
At least one alarm symptom | N (%) | 12 (66.7%) |
PPV | 0.1 | |
95% CI | (0.0;0.1) | |
LR+ | 1.4 | |
95% CI(LR+) | (1.0;1.9) | |
At least one specific alarm symptom | N (%) | 6 (33.3%) |
PPV | 0.2 | |
95% CI | (0.1;0.5) | |
LR+ | 4.4 | |
95% CI(LR+) | (0.7;1.7) | |
At least one non-specific alarm symptom | N (%) | 9 (50.0%) |
PPV | 0.1 | |
95% CI | (0.0;0.1) | |
LR+ | 1.1 | |
95% CI(LR+) | (2.3;8.4) | |
Symptom experience and GP contact with at least one alarm symptom | N (%) | 7 (38.9%) |
PPV | 0.2 | |
95% CI | (0.1;0.3 | |
LR+ | 2.8 | |
95% CI(LR) | (1.6;5.0) | |