Survival and clinical outcomes of patients with melanoma brain metastasis in the era of checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies

Table 4 Univariate Cox regression analysis of association of various clinical factors with overall survival in melanoma patients with brain metastasis

Variable	Chi-squared	Hazard ratio	P value
Gender (male)	4.03	1.85	0.045*
Age	0.826	1.01	0.36
TIL level	2.23	0.628	0.135
Number of positive regional lymph nodes	3.13	1.05	0.077
Characteristics of brain metastasis
Cerebellar metastases	6.43	2.19	0.011*
Midbrain/pons metastasis	3.24	2.09	0.072
Leptomeningeal disease	0.04	1.07	0.846
Other site metastasis	0.03	0.92	0.867
Size of largest brain metastases	0.816	1.01	0.367
Number of brain metastases	18.8	1.19	< 0.00005*
Presence of neurological symptoms	1.55	2.51	0.214
Required steroid for brain metastasis	1.55	2.51	0.214
Extracranial Metastasis
Presence of extracranial metastasis	2.29	1.49	0.13
Presence of liver metastasis	2.25	1.94	0.134
Presence of lung metastasis	0.527	1.30	0.468
Presence of bone metastasis	0.06	1.09	0.813
Presence of adrenal metastasis	5.39	4.50	0.02*
Therapy
Craniotomy	10.0	0.418	0.0015*
Stereotactic radiosurgery	7.72	0.434	0.0055*
Whole brain radiation therapy	16.2	3.85	0.0001*
Number of prior systemic therapies	0.613	1.09	0.434
Anti-CTLA4 antibody after BM	0.658	0.79	0.417
Anti-PD-1 antibody after BM	10.0	0.376	0.0016*
BRAF inhibitor after BM	0.05	1.07	0.82

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