Table 2 Overview of genes related to cholesterol synthesis assessed for differential expression
Gene symbol | Alternative symbol | Gene name | Gene function |
|---|---|---|---|
ACAT1 | Â | acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 | Synthesis |
ACAT2 | Â | acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 | Synthesis |
HMGCS1 | Â | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 | Synthesis |
HMGCS2 | Â | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 | Synthesis |
HMGCR | Â | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase | Synthesis (rate limiting enzyme) |
MVK | Â | mevalonate kinase | Synthesis |
PMVK | Â | phosphomevalonate kinase | Synthesis |
MVD | Â | mevalonate decarboxylase | Synthesis |
IDI1 | Â | isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase 1 | Synthesis |
IDI2 | Â | isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase 2 | Synthesis |
FDPS | Â | farnesyl diphosphate synthase | Synthesis |
GGPS1 | Â | geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 | Synthesis |
FDFT1 | Â | farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 | Synthesis |
SQLE | Â | squalene epoxidase | Synthesis |
LSS | Â | lanosterol synthase | Synthesis |
DHCR24 | Â | 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase | Synthesis |
CYP51A1 | Â | cytochrome P450 family 51 subfamily A polypeptide 1 | Synthesis |
TM7SF2 | Â | transmembrane 7 superfamily member 2 | Synthesis |
FAXDC2 | C5orf4 | fatty acid hydroxylase domain containing 2 | Synthesis |
MSMO1 | SC4MOL | methylsterol monooxygenase | Synthesis |
NSDHL | Â | NAD(P) dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like | Synthesis |
HSD17B7 | Â | hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 7 | Synthesis |
EBP | Â | emopamil binding protein (sterol isomerase) | Synthesis |
SC5D | SC5DL | sterol-C5-desaturase | Synthesis |
DHCR7 | Â | 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase | Synthesis (last step before cholesterol) |
CEL | Â | carboxyl ester lipase | Esterification |
LIPA | Â | lipase A, lysosomal acid, cholesterol esterase | Esterification |
SOAT1 | Â | sterol O-acetyltransferase 1 | Esterification |
SOAT2 | Â | sterol O-acetyltransferase 2 | Esterification |
ABCA1 | Â | ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A | Efflux |
ABCG1 | Â | ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G | Efflux |
SLCO2B1 | Â | solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 | Transport |
SLCO1B3 | Â | solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 | Transport |
LDLR | Â | low density lipoprotein receptor | Uptake |
APOE | Â | apolipoprotein E | Component for IDL, HDL and VLDL |
SREBF1 | Â | sterol binding element transcription factor 1 | Transcriptional activation |
SREBF2 | Â | sterol binding element transcription factor 2 | Transcriptional activation (main activator) |
SCAP | Â | SREBF chaperone | Transcriptional activation |
MBTPS1 | S1P | membrane bound transcription factor peptidase site 1 | Transcriptional activation |
MBTPS2 | S2P | membrane bound transcription factor peptidase site 2 | Transcriptional activation |
INSIG1 | Â | insulin induced gene 1 | HMGCR degradation |
INSIG2 | Â | insulin induced gene 2 | HMGCR degradation |
AMFR | GP78 | autocrine motility factor receptor E3 ubiquitin protein ligase | HMGCR degradation |
NR1H3 | LXRA | nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 | Transcriptional repression |
NR1H2 | LXRB | nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 2 | Transcriptional repression |
RXRA | Â | retinoid X receptor alpha | Transcriptional repression |
RXRB | Â | retinoid X receptor beta | Transcriptional repression |
MYLIP | IDOL | myosin regulatory light chain interacting protein | Degradation of LDLR |