Author (year) | Region | Design | No. of patients | Mean/Median age (year) | EC incidence | Percentage of metformin use in DM patients (%) | Measurement of outcome | Adjusted variables | Subgroups | Study period |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Becker et al. (2013) [34] | UK | Case–control | 17,878 | 63 | 14.3% | 51.5 | Adjusted OR | BMI, smoking, DM | Metformin intensity, DM state | 1995–2012 |
Luo et al. (2014) [35] | USA | Prospective | 88,107 | 63 | 1.4% | 12.5 | Adjusted OR | Age, ethnicity, education, smoking, PA, alcohol, hormone use, parity, contraception, BMI | BMI | 1993–1998 |
Ko et al. (2015) [36] | USA | Retrospective | 541,128 | 52 | 0.1% | 84.4 | Adjusted HR | Age, Charlson index, fibroid, infertility, PCOS, DM, hypertension, endometrial hyperplasia, connective tissue disease, oral contraceptive, HRT, ultrasound | Age, DM state, PCOS, EH | 2000–2011 |
Soffer et al. (2015) [37] | USA | Retrospective | 66,778 | 55 | 0.5% | 40.3 | Unadjusted OR | None | None | 1998–2004 |
Tseng et al. (2015) [38] | China | Retrospective | 4,478,921 | 56 | 0.6% | 40.3 | Adjusted HR | Age, hypertension, COPD, stroke, heart disease, obesity, metabolic profiles, various drugs | Duration, dose | 1998–2002 |
Franchi et al. (2016) [39] | Italy | Case–control | 7861 | > 40 | 4.8% | 36.1 | Adjusted OR | Charlson index, medical conditions, prescription of selected drugs, antidiabetic drugs | Duration | 2002–2007 |
Arima et al. (2017) [40] | Finland | Retrospective | 92,366 | > 40 | 0.6% | 63.8 | Adjusted HR | Age, duration of DM and use at any time of other forms of medication. | None | 1996–2011 |