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Table 2 Demographics, lifestyle factors and healthcare use among CRC cases and non-cases in 2002 and 2014

From: Trends in the contemporary incidence of colorectal cancer and patient characteristics in the United Kingdom: a population-based cohort study using The Health Improvement Network

 

CRC cases

  

Non-cases

  

2002 (N = 921)

2014 (N = 1330)

% change

p value

2002 (N = 1,125,723)

2014 (N = 1,756,868)

% change

p value

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Sex

   

0.711

   

< 0.001

 Male

501 (54.4)

734 (55.2)

+ 0.8

 

523,503 (46.5)

866,071 (49.3)

+ 2.8

 

 Female

420 (45.6)

596 (44.8)

−0.8

 

602,220 (53.5)

890,797 (50.7)

−2.8

 

Age at start datea (years)

   

0.001

   

< 0.001

 40–49

32 (3.5)

68 (5.1)

+ 1.6

 

330,063 (29.3)

577,167 (32.9)

+ 3.6

 

 50–59

115 (12.5)

215 (16.2)

+ 3.7

 

305,523 (27.1)

464,427 (26.4)

−0.7

 

 60–69

244 (26.5)

334 (25.1)

−1.4

 

234,955 (20.9)

374,036 (21.3)

+ 0.4

 

 70–79

355 (38.5)

421 (31.7)

−6.8

 

174,098 (15.5)

229,621 (13.1)

−2.4

 

 80–89

175 (19.0)

292 (22.0)

+ 3.0

 

81,084 (7.2)

111,617 (6.4)

−0.8

 

Smoking

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 Non-smoker

393 (42.7)

575 (43.2)

+ 0.5

 

511,656 (45.5)

841,369 (47.9)

+ 2.4

 

 Current

145 (15.7)

168 (12.6)

−3.1

 

229,660 (20.4)

314,311 (17.9)

−2.5

 

 Former

230 (25.0)

580 (43.6)

+ 18.6

 

190,297 (16.9)

577,415 (32.9)

+ 16

 

 Unknown

153 (16.6)

7 (0.5)

−16.1

 

194,110 (17.2)

23,773 (1.4)

−15.8

 

BMI (kg/m2)

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 15–19

23 (2.5)

48 (3.6)

+ 1.1

 

39,966 (3.6)

65,177 (3.7)

+ 0.1

 

 20–24

253 (27.5)

316 (23.8)

−3.7

 

316,584 (28.1)

482,255 (27.4)

−0.7

 

 25–29

298 (32.4)

517 (38.9)

+ 6.5

 

323,628 (28.7)

594,699 (33.8)

+ 5.1

 

  ≥ 30

116 (12.6)

360 (27.1)

+ 14.5

 

169,036 (15.0)

441,310 (25.1)

+ 10.1

 

 Unknown

231 (25.1)

89 (6.7)

−18.4

 

276,509 (24.6)

173,427 (9.9)

−14.7

 

Polypharmacy

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 0–1 medications

517 (56.1)

612 (46.0)

−10.1

 

792,376 (70.4)

1,151,402 (65.5)

−4.9

 

 2–4 medications

273 (29.6)

357 (26.8)

−2.8

 

231,408 (20.6)

345,485 (19.7)

−0.9

 

  ≥ 5 medications

131 (14.2)

361 (27.1)

+ 12.9

 

101,939 (9.1)

259,981 (14.8)

+ 5.7

 

Alcohol (u/w)

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 None

113 (12.3)

230 (17.3)

+ 5.0

 

150,487 (13.4)

268,029 (15.3)

+ 1.9

 

 1–9

392 (42.6)

621 (46.7)

+4.1

 

471,097 (41.8)

785,666 (44.7)

+ 2.9

 

 10–20

116 (12.6)

219 (16.5)

+ 3.9

 

142,656 (12.7)

297,466 (16.9)

+ 4.2

 

 21–41

45 (4.9)

72 (5.4)

+ 0.5

 

48,314 (4.3)

94,073 (5.4)

+ 1.1

 

  ≥ 42

15 (1.6)

31 (2.3)

+ 0.7

 

16,227 (1.4)

40,976 (2.3)

+ 0.9

 

 Unknown

240 (26.1)

157 (11.8)

−14.3

 

296,942 (26.4)

270,658 (15.4)

−11

 

PCP visitsb

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 0–4

374 (40.6)

249 (18.7)

−21.9

 

622,029 (55.3)

582,007 (33.1)

−22.2

 

 5–9

252 (27.4)

319 (24.0)

−3.4

 

277,673 (24.7)

435,570 (24.8)

+ 0.1

 

 10–14

135 (14.7)

242 (18.2)

+ 3.5

 

121,781 (10.8)

291,525 (16.6)

+ 5.8

 

 15–19

79 (8.6)

171 (12.9)

+4.3

 

54,652 (4.9)

177,759 (10.1)

+ 5.2

 

  ≥ 20

81 (8.8)

349 (26.2)

+ 17.4

 

49,588 (4.4)

270,007 (15.4)

+ 11

 

Referralsb

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 0–1

636 (69.1)

531 (39.9)

−29.2

 

920,723 (81.8)

929,757 (52.9)

−28.9

 

 2–4

218 (23.7)

380 (28.6)

+4.9

 

155,781 (13.8)

464,696 (26.5)

+ 12.7

 

 5–9

58 (6.3)

279 (21.0)

+ 14.7

 

41,329 (3.7)

261,011 (14.9)

+ 11.2

 

  ≥ 10

9 (1.0)

140 (10.5)

+ 9.5

 

7890 (0.7)

101,404 (5.8)

+ 5.1

 

Hospitalizationsb

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 None

829 (90.0)

1109 (83.4)

−6.6

 

1,063,618 (94.5)

1,557,111 (88.6)

−5.9

 

 1

57 (6.2)

133 (10.0)

+ 3.8

 

43,745 (3.9)

134,083 (7.6)

+ 3.7

 

 2

23 (2.5)

49 (3.7)

+ 1.2

 

11,974 (1.1)

40,510 (2.3)

+ 1.2

 

  ≥ 3

12 (1.3)

39 (2.9)

+ 1.6

 

6386 (0.6)

25,164 (1.4)

+ 0.8

 

Townsend score

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

 Quintile 1 (least deprived)

225 (24.4)

340 (25.6)

+ 1.2

 

304,177 (27.0)

466,028 (26.5)

−0.5

 

 Quintile 2

183 (19.9)

329 (24.7)

+4.8

 

253,931 (22.6)

394,091 (22.4)

−0.2

 

 Quintile 3

180 (19.5)

297 (22.3)

+ 2.8

 

219,425 (19.5)

355,598 (20.2)

+ 0.7

 

 Quintile 4

183 (19.9)

185 (13.9)

−6.0

 

178,640 (15.9)

289,718 (16.5)

+ 0.6

 

 Quintile 5 (most deprived)

98 (10.6)

140 (10.5)

−0.1

 

117,993 (10.5)

191,274 (10.9)

+ 0.4

 

 Unknown

52 (5.6)

39 (2.9)

−2.7

0.001

51,557 (4.6)

60,159 (3.4)

−1.2

< 0.001

Setting

        

 Urban

562 (61.0)

748 (56.2)

−4.8

 

720,972 (64.0)

1,086,412(61.8)

−2.2

 

 Town

120 (13.0)

148(11.1)

−1.9

 

129,017 (11.5)

178,340 (10.2)

−1.3

 

 Rural

58 (6.3)

73 (5.5)

−0.8

 

76,435 (6.8)

98,160 (5.6)

−1.2

 

 Unknown

181 (19.7)

361 (27.1)

+ 7.4

 

199,299 (17.7)

393,956 (22.4)

+4.7

 
  1. aEntry into the study year (start date)
  2. bIn the year before the start date
  3. BMI body mass index, CRC colorectal cancer, PCP primary care practitioner, u/w units per week