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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis of factors influencing the 5-year overall survival for patients who underwent chemotherapy

From: Impact of timing of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in stage III colon cancer: a population-based study

Variables

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis*

HR

95% CI

P

HR

95% CI

P

Gender

  

0.136

   

 Male

1

     

 Female

0.952

0.893–1.015

    

Age at diagnosis, years

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 66–70

1

  

1

  

 71–75

1.157

1.054–1.269

 

1.133

1.030–1.245

 

 76–80

1.359

1.238–1.492

 

1.330

1.209–1.463

 

  > 80

1.929

1.752–2.123

 

1.834

1.657–2.029

 

Race

  

< 0.001

  

0.001

 White

1

  

1

  

 Black

1.039

0.922–1.171

 

0.980

0.864–1.112

 

 Asian

0.625

0.503–0.777

 

0.636

0.511–0.793

 

 Other

0.989

0.836–1.169

 

0.961

0.811–1.139

 

Marital status

  

< 0.001

  

0.011

 Single+Separated

1

  

1

  

 Married

0.818

0.723–.926

 

0.856

0.755–0.970

 

 Divorced+Widowed

0.994

0.874–1.129

 

0.948

0.833–1.079

 

 Other

0.838

0.670–1.047

 

0.905

0.723–1.133

 

Residence location

  

0.222

   

 Big Metro

1

     

 Metro or Urban

0.942

0.878–1.010

    

 Less Urban or Rural

0.996

0.901–1.102

    

Median household income

  

0.023

  

0.872

 1st quartile

1

  

1

  

 2nd quartile

0.993

0.906–1.088

 

1.042

0.943–1.152

 

 3rd quartile

0.926

0.843–1.016

 

1.000

0.895–1.119

 

 4th quartile

0.872

0.795–0.957

 

1.013

0.893–1.15

 

 Unknown

0.945

0.795–1.123

 

1.056

0.860–1.298

 

Level of education

  

< 0.001

  

0.001

 1st quartile

1

  

1

  

 2nd quartile

1.164

1.061–1.278

 

1.154

1.045–1.274

 

 3rd quartile

1.159

1.055–1.272

 

1.142

1.022–1.276

 

 4th quartile

1.262

1.149–1.385

 

1.286

1.130–1.463

 

 Unknown

1.142

0.960–1.358

 

N/Aa

N/Aa

 

Year of diagnosis

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 1992–1996

1

  

1

  

 1997–2000

0.863

0.784–0.950

 

0.833

0.756–0.918

 

 2001–2004

0.814

0.748–0.885

 

0.754

0.692–0.822

 

 2005–2008

0.667

0.605–0.737

 

0.609

0.549–0.675

 

Primary tumor site

  

< 0.001

  

0.006

 right-sided colon

1

  

1

  

 left-sided colon

0.822

0.767–0.880

 

0.891

0.829–0.957

 

 unknown

1.241

0.988–1.559

 

1.034

0.821–1.302

 

Histologic grade

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 Well

1

  

1

  

 Moderate

1.156

0.987–1.353

 

1.073

0.915–1.257

 

 Poor+Undifferentiated

1.748

1.487–2.055

 

1.384

1.174–1.630

 

 Unknown

1.274

0.991–1.638

 

1.120

0.869–1.445

 

Histologic type

  

< 0.001

  

0.101

 Adenocarcinoma

1

  

1

  

 Mucinous carcinoma

1.123

1.026–1.229

 

1.024

0.934–1.123

 

 Signet-ring cell carcinoma

1.893

1.503–2.384

 

1.289

1.019–1.632

 

pT category

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 pT1

1

  

1

  

 pT2

1.071

0.824–1.391

 

1.019

0.783–1.325

 

 pT3

2.025

1.616–2.536

 

1.594

1.269–2.002

 

 pT4a

2.98

2.348–3.782

 

2.205

1.732–2.806

 

 pT4b

5.459

4.253–7.008

 

3.404

2.636–4.395

 

pN category

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 pN1a

1

  

1

  

 pN1b

1.374

1.263–1.495

 

1.305

1.199–1.420

 

 pN2a

1.844

1.682–2.021

 

1.675

1.526–1.838

 

 pN2b

3.215

2.920–3.541

 

2.874

2.595–3.183

 

Preoperative intestinal obstruction

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 No

1

  

1

  

 Yes

1.425

1.319–1.540

 

1.246

1.152–1.349

 

Preoperative intestinal perforation

  

< 0.001

  

0.001

 No

1

  

1

  

 Yes

2.284

1.723–3.028

 

1.628

1.223–2.168

 

HCC risk score

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 1st quartile

1

  

1

  

 2nd quartile

0.950

0.865–1.043

 

1.161

1.053–1.280

 

 3rd quartile

1.109

1.010–1.217

 

1.347

1.223–1.483

 

 4th quartile

1.447

1.315–1.593

 

1.644

1.489–1.815

 

Number of examined lymph node

  

0.003

  

< 0.001

  ≥ 12

1

  

1

  

  < 12

1.102

1.034–1.175

 

1.295

1.209–1.387

 

Postoperative radiotherapy

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 No

1

  

1

  

 Yes

1.620

1.391–1.887

 

1.323

1.133–1.545

 

Timing to AC

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  ≤ 4 weeks

1

  

1

  

 5–8 weeks

0.982

0.867–1.113

 

1.045

0.921–1.185

 

 9–12 weeks

1.169

1.019–1.341

 

1.222

1.063–1.405

 

 13–16 weeks

1.237

1.031–1.483

 

1.252

1.041–1.505

 

  ≥ 17 weeks

2.207

1.870–2.604

 

1.969

1.663–2.331

 
  1. Abbreviation: HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, HCC Hierarchical Condition Categories, AC Adjuvant chemotherapy
  2. *Only variables with a p < 0.05 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate analysis
  3. aunavailable because of colinearity with the variable of Median household income
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