Comparative oesophageal cancer risk assessment of hot beverage consumption (coffee, mate and tea): the margin of exposure of PAH vs very hot temperatures

Table 5 Toxicological thresholds of PAH and temperature

Agent	Species	Effect	BMD	BMDL	Reference
BaP	Mice, 2 year study	Tumours of the alimentary tract	0.13–0.14 mg/kg bw/day	70 μg/kg bw/day	EFSA [19]
PAH4	Mice, 2 year study	Tumours of the alimentary tract	0.60–0.61 mg/kg bw/day	340 μg/kg bw/day	EFSA [19]
Temperature	Rats, 20 week study	NMBA-induced oesophageal tumours (mean number of tumours)	64 °C	56 °C	Own modelling^a based on data from Li et al. 2003 [34]
Temperature	Rats, 20 week study	NMBA-induced oesophageal tumours (mean volume of tumours)	(63 °C)^b	(26 °C)^b	Own modelling^a based on data from Li et al. 2003 [34]

^aSee data Additional file: appendix provided as supplementary material for raw results of benchmark dose-response modelling
^bNon-significant difference from control group according to original reference (Li et al. 2003) [34]

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