Screening for distress in patients with primary brain tumor using distress thermometer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the Meta-analysis

First author	Year	Country	Study design	Patients, n	Analytic Case, n (%)	Male patients, n (%)	Age, years, Mean ± SD (range)	WHO low-grade, n	WHO high-grade, n	Surgery,%	Married, %	White,%	When distress assessed initially	Distress cut-off
Rooney	2012	UK	longitudinal	154	133	57.4	54.2 ± 12.3 (19–76)	22	133	74.8	71	NA	during primary radiotherapy	DT ≥ 4/DT ≥ 6
Trad	2015	Australia	longitudinal	128	96	NA	NA	57	39	NA	NA	NA	newly diagnosis or first recurrence	DT ≥ 4
Goebel	2011	Germany	cross-sectional	159	159	48.4	55.2 ± 15.5(18–82)	87	72	NA	71.1	NA	Post-operation	DT ≥ 4/DT ≥ 6
Keir	2007	USA	cross-sectional	75	75	63	49 (24–70)	8	63	NA	NA	97	After diagnosis	DT ≥ 4/DT ≥ 6
Kvale	2009	USA	cross-sectional	50	50	58	53.3 ± 13.6 (20–85)	0	50	NA	NA	84	first to the Neuro-oncology clinic	DT ≥ 4
Renovanz	2013	Germany	longitudinal	134	134	35	52.7 ± 14.8 (18–81)	47	51	100	NA	NA	Pre-operation	DT ≥ 6
Rooney	2013	UK	longitudinal	154	154	60.9	55.9 ± 13.4	12	57	NA	NA	NA	shortly after starting chemo/radiotherapy	DT ≥ 4/DT ≥ 6
Goebel	2010	Germany	cross-sectional	150	150	43.3	53.2 ± 14.1 (18–79)	73	77	100	64.3	NA	1 week after/before operation	DT ≥ 6
Keir	2008	USA	cross-sectional	83	83	63.0	50 (25–70)	0	83	96.4	NA	96	After diagnosis	DT ≥ 4
Halkett	2015	Australia	cross-sectional	116	116	70.7	56 ± 13.3 (18–86)	0	116	NA	82.9	NA	Pre-chemoradiotherapy	DT ≥ 4
Randazzo	2017	USA	cross-sectional	829	798	54.0	51 (18–86)	218	576	NA	59	NA	Primary diagnosis or first recurrence	DT ≥ 4
Renovanz	2017	Germany	cross-sectional	244	173	53.2	51.0 ± 13.9 (21–78)	32	141	68	NA(72% with a partner)		first to the Neuro-oncology clinic	DT ≥ 6

ISSN: 1471-2407