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Table 4 Risk of interval breast cancer for BMI and mammographic measures by tumor characteristics

From: Mammographic density and risk of breast cancer by tumor characteristics: a case-control study

   

OPERA (95% CI)

  

Cases/ controls

BMI + DA + NDA

BMI + PDA

BMI + DA

DA + NDA

PDA

DA

 

ER

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

373, 0.77

363, 0.77

380, 0.73

349, 0.77

339, 0.77

356, 0.73

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

94/ 278

0.71 (0.38,1.33)

0.70 (0.38,1.31)

0.74 (0.40,1.35)

   
 

 Negative

45/ 145

0.91 (0.51,1.61)

0.88 (0.50,1.56)

0.90 (0.51,1.61)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

1.04 (0.71,1.51)

1.03 (0.71,1.50)

0.98 (0.68,1.42)

   
 

 Negative

 

1.05 (0.49,2.25)

0.96 (0.45,2.03)

0.93 (0.44,1.97)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.65

P for interaction with age = 0.66

P for interaction with age = 0.79

   
   

P = 0.82

P = 0.87

P = 0.90

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

2.14 (1.59,2.89)

 

2.12 (1.58,2.85)

2.13 (1.58,2.86)

 

2.10 (1.57,2.82)

 

 Negative

 

1.84 (1.20,2.83)

 

1.90 (1.27,2.84)

1.82 (1.20,2.73)

 

1.85 (1.27,2.71)

   

P = 0.58

 

P = 0.67

P = 0.54

 

P = 0.60

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

2.63 (1.87,3.69)

  

2.60 (1.85,3.64)

 
 

 Negative

  

2.34 (1.46,3.76)

  

2.26 (1.44,3.56)

 
    

P = 0.70

  

P = 0.64

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.64 (0.49,0.85)

  

0.65 (0.49,0.85)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.53 (0.35,0.81)

  

0.53 (0.35,0.81)

  
   

P = 0.46

  

P = 0.44

  
 

PR

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

362, 0.78

352, 0.78

370, 0.74

344, 0.77

334, 0.77

352, 0.73

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

57/ 172

0.56 (0.23,1.33)

0.56 (0.24,1.32)

0.59 (0.26,1.36)

   
 

 Negative

80/ 245

0.94 (0.58,1.53)

0.91 (0.57,1.46)

0.91 (0.56,1.48)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

1.62 (0.94,2.80)

1.54 (0.91,2.62)

1.43 (0.87,2.36)

   
 

 Negative

 

0.64 (0.39,1.04)

0.63 (0.39,1.03)

0.63 (0.38,1.02)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.13

P for interaction with age = 0.16

P for interaction with age = 0.20

   
   

P = 0.04

P = 0.05

P = 0.06

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

2.32 (1.56,3.44)

 

2.10 (1.46,3.01)

2.32 (1.58,3.41)

 

2.11 (1.48,3.01)

 

 Negative

 

1.91 (1.36,2.69)

 

2.04 (1.46,2.83)

1.82 (1.32,2.52)

 

1.92 (1.41,2.62)

   

P = 0.46

 

P = 0.91

P = 0.35

 

P = 0.70

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

2.92 (1.84,4.65)

  

2.89 (1.84,4.56)

 
 

 Negative

  

2.41 (1.67,3.49)

  

2.29 (1.61,3.25)

 
    

P = 0.52

  

P = 0.42

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.58 (0.40,0.83)

  

0.60 (0.43,0.86)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.59 (0.43,0.82)

  

0.59 (0.43,0.81)

  
   

P = 0.93

  

P = 0.91

  
 

HER2

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

368, 0.77

361, 0.76

375, 0.73

345, 0.76

337, 0.76

351, 0.73

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

41/ 123

0.66 (0.28,1.56)

0.65 (0.28,1.54)

0.67 (0.28,1.58)

   
 

 Negative

96/ 293

0.91 (0.57,1.47)

0.89 (0.56,1.43)

0.92 (0.58,1.47)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

0.91 (0.47,1.77)

0.93 (0.49,1.77)

0.87 (0.45,1.70)

   
 

 Negative

 

1.08 (0.73,1.59)

1.06 (0.72,1.55)

1.01 (0.70,1.48)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.78

P for interaction with age = 0.77

P for interaction with age = 0.88

   
   

P = 0.62

P = 0.68

P = 0.66

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

2.15 (1.39,3.30)

 

2.19 (1.42,3.38)

2.03 (1.34,3.07)

 

2.05 (1.36,3.11)

 

 Negative

 

1.96 (1.47,2.63)

 

1.95 (1.48,2.58)

1.95 (1.46,2.60)

 

1.94 (1.48,2.56)

   

P = 0.74

 

P = 0.66

P = 0.88

 

P = 0.83

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

2.43 (1.50,3.95)

  

2.29 (1.44,3.66)

 
 

 Negative

  

2.43 (1.76,3.36)

  

2.41 (1.75,3.31)

 
    

P = 1.00

  

P = 0.87

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.82 (0.54,1.24)

  

0.82 (0.55,1.22)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.55 (0.41,0.73)

  

0.55 (0.41,0.74)

  
   

P = 0.13

  

P = 0.12

  
 

Grade

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

386, 0.78

375, 0.77

387, 0.75

354, 0.77

343, 0.76

356, 0.74

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 well differentiated

24/ 66

0.62 (0.21,1.82)

0.60 (0.20,1.77)

0.67 (0.24,1.91)

   
 

 moderately differentiated

52/ 165

0.40 (0.13,1.22)

0.38 (0.13,1.13)

0.39 (0.13,1.18)

   
 

 poorly differentiated

61/ 187

1.01 (0.62,1.66)

0.98 (0.61,1.58)

0.99 (0.62,1.59)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 well differentiated

 

0.64 (0.24,1.67)

0.61 (0.22,1.64)

0.63 (0.24,1.65)

   
 

 moderately differentiated

 

1.18 (0.66,2.11)

1.23 (0.70,2.17)

1.08 (0.61,1.92)

   
 

 poorly differentiated

 

1.08 (0.67,1.74)

1.14 (0.73,1.79)

1.22 (0.80,1.86)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.53

P for interaction with age = 0.41

P for interaction with age = 0.52

   
   

P = 0.36

P = 0.28

P = 0.24

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 well differentiated

 

1.61 (0.97,2.70)

 

1.64 (0.97,2.77)

1.49 (0.92,2.41)

 

1.49 (0.92,2.43)

 

 moderately differentiated

 

2.64 (1.70,4.11)

 

2.77 (1.77,4.33)

2.66 (1.71,4.13)

 

2.75 (1.76,4.29)

 

 poorly differentiated

 

1.85 (1.28,2.68)

 

1.77 (1.28,2.45)

1.86 (1.29,2.68)

 

1.80 (1.31,2.47)

   

P = 0.29

 

P = 0.19

P = 0.20

 

P = 0.14

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 well differentiated

  

2.11 (1.17,3.80)

  

1.90 (1.09,3.32)

 
 

 moderately differentiated

  

2.94 (1.83,4.71)

  

2.92 (1.82,4.69)

 
 

 poorly differentiated

  

2.24 (1.51,3.33)

  

2.27 (1.54,3.34)

 
    

P = 0.60

  

P = 0.49

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 well differentiated

 

0.78 (0.48,1.26)

  

0.80 (0.50,1.28)

  
 

 moderately differentiated

 

0.73 (0.48,1.10)

  

0.72 (0.49,1.06)

  
 

 poorly differentiated

 

0.48 (0.33,0.71)

  

0.48 (0.33,0.70)

  
   

P = 0.20

  

P = 0.16

  
 

Size

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

395, 0.78

381, 0.78

397, 0.75

359, 0.78

345, 0.77

361, 0.74

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 < 1 cm

25/ 70

0.71 (0.25,2.00)

0.70 (0.25,1.99)

0.69 (0.23,2.09)

   
 

 1–2 cm

51/ 154

0.69 (0.31,1.54)

0.70 (0.32,1.52)

0.73 (0.35,1.52)

   
 

 ≥ 2 cm

65/ 204

0.99 (0.52,1.88)

0.96 (0.51,1.78)

0.99 (0.52,1.89)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 < 1 cm

 

0.80 (0.23,2.85)

0.81 (0.23,2.89)

0.82 (0.23,2.92)

   
 

 1–2 cm

 

1.03 (0.60,1.76)

0.96 (0.56,1.62)

0.91 (0.54,1.55)

   
 

 ≥ 2 cm

 

0.92 (0.54,1.57)

0.94 (0.55,1.59)

0.94 (0.58,1.53)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.90

P for interaction with age = 0.95

P for interaction with age = 0.97

   
   

P = 0.93

P = 0.94

P = 0.93

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 < 1 cm

 

1.62 (0.92,2.83)

 

1.62 (0.92,2.87)

1.57 (0.91,2.70)

 

1.56 (0.91,2.69)

 

 1–2 cm

 

1.65 (1.14,2.38)

 

1.65 (1.16,2.33)

1.61 (1.13,2.31)

 

1.62 (1.15,2.28)

 

 ≥ 2 cm

 

2.78 (1.86,4.15)

 

2.74 (1.87,4.01)

2.74 (1.85,4.06)

 

2.71 (1.87,3.93)

   

P = 0.11

 

P = 0.11

P = 0.09

 

P = 0.08

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 < 1 cm

  

1.76 (0.99,3.15)

  

1.71 (0.97,2.99)

 
 

 1–2 cm

  

2.09 (1.40,3.12)

  

2.05 (1.38,3.03)

 
 

 ≥ 2 cm

  

3.50 (2.20,5.58)

  

3.44 (2.19,5.41)

 
    

P = 0.12

  

P = 0.10

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 < 1 cm

 

0.83 (0.53,1.29)

  

0.83 (0.54,1.27)

  
 

 1–2 cm

 

0.54 (0.37,0.79)

  

0.54 (0.37,0.79)

  
 

 ≥ 2 cm

 

0.58 (0.40,0.83)

  

0.58 (0.40,0.83)

  
   

P = 0.32

  

P = 0.32

  
 

Nodal status

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

354, 0.80

345, 0.79

362, 0.76

339, 0.78

331, 0.77

347, 0.74

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

65/ 189

1.34 (0.73,2.47)

1.32 (0.72,2.41)

1.31 (0.71,2.42)

   
 

 Negative

71/ 224

0.46 (0.23,0.93)

0.45 (0.22,0.91)

0.48 (0.24,0.96)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

0.64 (0.36,1.14)

0.65 (0.37,1.12)

0.62 (0.35,1.09)

   
 

 Negative

 

1.61 (1.04,2.49)

1.60 (1.03,2.49)

1.58 (1.03,2.41)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.01

P for interaction with age = 0.01

P for interaction with age = 0.01

   
   

P = 0.01

P = 0.01

P = 0.01

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

2.32 (1.57,3.41)

 

2.30 (1.60,3.31)

2.23 (1.55,3.23)

 

2.20 (1.56,3.09)

 

 Negative

 

1.92 (1.39,2.66)

 

1.92 (1.40,2.64)

1.84 (1.35,2.52)

 

1.85 (1.36,2.51)

   

P = 0.47

 

P = 0.46

P = 0.43

 

P = 0.46

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

2.69 (1.79,4.07)

  

2.61 (1.76,3.88)

 
 

 Negative

  

2.47 (1.69,3.61)

  

2.32 (1.62,3.33)

 
    

P = 0.76

  

P = 0.66

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.58 (0.41,0.81)

  

0.57 (0.41,0.80)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.60 (0.43,0.84)

  

0.62 (0.45,0.85)

  
   

P = 0.87

  

P = 0.72

  
  1. Abbreviations: AUC area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, BIC Bayesian information criterion, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DA dense area, NDA non-dense area, OPERA Odds per Adjusted Standard Deviation, PDA percent dense area, SD standard deviation
  2. All of the estimates from conditional logistic regression are adjusted for age at mammogram