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Table 2 Risk of breast cancer for BMI and mammographic measures by tumor characteristics

From: Mammographic density and risk of breast cancer by tumor characteristics: a case-control study

   

OPERA (95% CI)

  

Cases/ controls

BMI + DA + NDA

BMI + PDA

BMI + DA

DA + NDA

PDA

DA

 

ER

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

1130, 0.67

1117, 0.67

1130, 0.66

1108, 0.67

1094, 0.66

1107, 0.65

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

314/ 916

0.82 (0.61,1.11)

0.83 (0.61,1.12)

0.82 (0.60,1.11)

   
 

 Negative

106/ 316

0.93 (0.62,1.41)

0.91 (0.60,1.36)

0.89 (0.59,1.35)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

1.23 (1.04,1.46)

1.23 (1.04,1.45)

1.23 (1.04,1.45)

   
 

 Negative

 

1.12 (0.79,1.60)

1.12 (0.79,1.60)

1.11 (0.78,1.58)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.07

P for interaction with age = 0.08

P for interaction with age = 0.06

   
   

P = 0.83

P = 0.88

P = 0.86

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

1.32 (1.16,1.51)

 

1.34 (1.18,1.53)

1.33 (1.17,1.52)

 

1.35 (1.19,1.54)

 

 Negative

 

1.50 (1.18,1.90)

 

1.54 (1.21,1.95)

1.49 (1.18,1.89)

 

1.52 (1.21,1.92)

   

P = 0.36

 

P = 0.33

P = 0.41

 

P = 0.38

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

1.42 (1.24,1.63)

  

1.43 (1.25,1.64)

 
 

 Negative

  

1.72 (1.33,2.23)

  

1.71 (1.32,2.20)

 
    

P = 0.20

  

P = 0.23

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.86 (0.76,0.98)

  

0.86 (0.76,0.98)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.69 (0.54,0.88)

  

0.69 (0.54,0.88)

  
   

P = 0.10

  

P = 0.10

  
 

PR

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

1115, 0.68

1101, 0.68

1113, 0.67

1099, 0.67

1085, 0.66

1097, 0.65

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

206/ 604

0.77 (0.54,1.10)

0.78 (0.55,1.11)

0.77 (0.54,1.10)

   
 

 Negative

210/ 615

0.98 (0.70,1.36)

0.96 (0.69,1.33)

0.93 (0.67,1.30)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

1.46 (1.18,1.81)

1.46 (1.18,1.80)

1.46 (1.18,1.80)

   
 

 Negative

 

0.95 (0.76,1.19)

0.94 (0.75,1.18)

0.95 (0.75,1.18)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.01

P for interaction with age = 0.02

P for interaction with age = 0.02

   
   

P = 0.02

P = 0.02

P = 0.02

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

1.35 (1.15,1.59)

 

1.36 (1.16,1.60)

1.35 (1.15,1.59)

 

1.36 (1.16,1.60)

 

 Negative

 

1.36 (1.16,1.60)

 

1.43 (1.21,1.68)

1.36 (1.16,1.60)

 

1.42 (1.21,1.67)

   

P = 0.96

 

P = 0.69

P = 0.97

 

P = 0.71

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

1.45 (1.22,1.72)

  

1.45 (1.22,1.72)

 
 

 Negative

  

1.54 (1.30,1.82)

  

1.53 (1.29,1.82)

 
    

P = 0.64

  

P = 0.64

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.87 (0.75,1.02)

  

0.88 (0.75,1.02)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.76 (0.64,0.90)

  

0.76 (0.64,0.90)

  
   

P = 0.24

  

P = 0.23

  
 

HER2

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

1105, 0.68

1093, 0.67

1103, 0.66

1083, 0.67

1071, 0.66

1081, 0.65

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

129/ 381

0.76 (0.49,1.17)

0.78 (0.51,1.18)

0.75 (0.49,1.16)

   
 

 Negative

281/ 824

0.92 (0.68,1.25)

0.92 (0.68,1.25)

0.90 (0.66,1.23)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

1.06 (0.81,1.40)

1.06 (0.81,1.40)

1.06 (0.81,1.40)

   
 

 Negative

 

1.26 (1.05,1.53)

1.25 (1.04,1.51)

1.25 (1.03,1.50)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.12

P for interaction with age = 0.14

P for interaction with age = 0.11

   
   

P = 0.41

P = 0.47

P = 0.46

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

1.52 (1.24,1.87)

 

1.53 (1.24,1.89)

1.51 (1.23,1.85)

 

1.52 (1.24,1.87)

 

 Negative

 

1.31 (1.14,1.51)

 

1.36 (1.18,1.56)

1.32 (1.15,1.51)

 

1.36 (1.18,1.56)

   

P = 0.25

 

P = 0.34

P = 0.28

 

P = 0.38

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

1.56 (1.25,1.94)

  

1.55 (1.25,1.93)

 
 

 Negative

  

1.47 (1.27,1.70)

  

1.47 (1.27,1.70)

 
    

P = 0.67

  

P = 0.69

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.97 (0.78,1.19)

  

0.96 (0.78,1.18)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.77 (0.66,0.89)

  

0.77 (0.67,0.89)

  
   

P = 0.08

  

P = 0.08

  
 

Grade

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

1146, 0.67

1125, 0.67

1137, 0.66

1111, 0.66

1090, 0.66

1103, 0.65

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 well differentiated

96/ 271

0.93 (0.60,1.45)

0.94 (0.61,1.47)

0.94 (0.60,1.47)

   
 

 moderately differentiated

172/ 511

0.65 (0.40,1.05)

0.66 (0.41,1.06)

0.64 (0.39,1.03)

   
 

 poorly differentiated

146/ 436

0.94 (0.66,1.35)

0.94 (0.66,1.33)

0.93 (0.65,1.33)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 well differentiated

 

0.93 (0.60,1.45)

1.02 (0.70,1.49)

1.01 (0.69,1.48)

   
 

 moderately differentiated

 

0.65 (0.40,1.05)

1.29 (1.03,1.63)

1.30 (1.04,1.64)

   
 

 poorly differentiated

 

0.94 (0.66,1.35)

1.22 (0.96,1.54)

1.23 (0.98,1.56)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.07

P for interaction with age = 0.07

P for interaction with age = 0.05

   
   

P = 0.65

P = 0.66

P = 0.58

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 well differentiated

 

1.31 (1.03,1.67)

 

1.35 (1.06,1.72)

1.31 (1.03,1.67)

 

1.35 (1.06,1.72)

 

 moderately differentiated

 

1.39 (1.16,1.67)

 

1.42 (1.19,1.71)

1.39 (1.17,1.66)

 

1.43 (1.19,1.71)

 

 poorly differentiated

 

1.35 (1.12,1.64)

 

1.36 (1.12,1.64)

1.35 (1.11,1.64)

 

1.36 (1.12,1.64)

   

P = 0.93

 

P = 0.92

P = 0.93

 

P = 0.91

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 well differentiated

  

1.51 (1.17,1.95)

  

1.51 (1.17,1.95)

 
 

 moderately differentiated

  

1.49 (1.23,1.80)

  

1.50 (1.25,1.81)

 
 

 poorly differentiated

  

1.46 (1.19,1.79)

  

1.47 (1.20,1.80)

 
    

P = 0.98

  

P = 0.98

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 well differentiated

 

0.81 (0.63,1.04)

  

0.81 (0.63,1.04)

  
 

 moderately differentiated

 

0.87 (0.72,1.05)

  

0.86 (0.71,1.04)

  
 

 poorly differentiated

 

0.76 (0.63,0.91)

  

0.75 (0.62,0.90)

  
   

P = 0.61

  

P = 0.60

  
 

Size

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

1166, 0.69

1145, 0.69

1160, 0.68

1130, 0.68

1110, 0.68

1125, 0.67

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 < 1 cm

106/ 296

0.78 (0.51,1.20)

0.78 (0.51,1.21)

0.78 (0.51,1.20)

   
 

 1–2 cm

186/ 552

0.77 (0.51,1.16)

0.78 (0.52,1.18)

0.76 (0.51,1.15)

   
 

 ≥ 2 cm

137/ 411

0.95 (0.61,1.49)

0.93 (0.60,1.45)

0.89 (0.57,1.41)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 < 1 cm

 

1.46 (1.03,2.07)

1.45 (1.02,2.06)

1.45 (1.02,2.05)

   
 

 1–2 cm

 

1.15 (0.93,1.43)

1.15 (0.93,1.42)

1.15 (0.93,1.42)

   
 

 ≥ 2 cm

 

1.14 (0.86,1.52)

1.17 (0.88,1.55)

1.19 (0.90,1.57)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.06

P for interaction with age = 0.06

P for interaction with age = 0.05

   
   

P = 0.74

P = 0.79

P = 0.81

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 < 1 cm

 

1.00 (0.80,1.25)

 

1.00 (0.80,1.26)

1.00 (0.80,1.25)

 

1.00 (0.80,1.26)

 

 1–2 cm

 

1.32 (1.12,1.57)

 

1.36 (1.14,1.61)

1.32 (1.11,1.56)

 

1.35 (1.14,1.60)

 

 ≥ 2 cm

 

1.81 (1.45,2.25)

 

1.83 (1.47,2.27)

1.82 (1.46,2.26)

 

1.84 (1.48,2.29)

   

P < 0.01

 

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

 

P < 0.01

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 < 1 cm

  

1.04 (0.83,1.31)

  

1.04 (0.83,1.30)

 
 

 1–2 cm

  

1.48 (1.24,1.77)

  

1.48 (1.24,1.77)

 
 

 ≥ 2 cm

  

2.06 (1.61,2.63)

  

2.08 (1.63,2.65)

 
    

P < 0.01

  

P < 0.01

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 < 1 cm

 

0.93 (0.75,1.16)

  

0.95 (0.76,1.17)

  
 

 1–2 cm

 

0.80 (0.67,0.95)

  

0.80 (0.67,0.95)

  
 

 ≥ 2 cm

 

0.71 (0.57,0.88)

  

0.70 (0.56,0.87)

  
   

P = 0.20

  

P = 0.14

  
 

Nodal status

       
 

BIC, AUC

 

1074, 0.69

1062, 0.69

1075, 0.68

1052, 0.68

1041, 0.68

1054, 0.67

BMI per 1 SD at age 50

 Positive

116/ 341

1.09 (0.68,1.75)

1.09 (0.68,1.73)

1.02 (0.63,1.63)

   
 

 Negative

288/ 844

0.78 (0.58,1.04)

0.78 (0.58,1.05)

0.78 (0.58,1.04)

   

BMI per 1 SD at age 70

 Positive

 

1.12 (0.81,1.53)

1.11 (0.82,1.51)

1.10 (0.81,1.49)

   
 

 Negative

 

1.24 (1.04,1.49)

1.24 (1.04,1.48)

1.25 (1.04,1.49)

   
   

P for interaction with age = 0.04

P for interaction with age = 0.04

P for interaction with age = 0.03

   
   

P = 0.46

P = 0.47

P = 0.56

   

DA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

1.90 (1.49,2.43)

 

1.89 (1.49,2.41)

1.92 (1.51,2.46)

 

1.91 (1.51,2.43)

 

 Negative

 

1.24 (1.08,1.42)

 

1.27 (1.11,1.45)

1.24 (1.09,1.42)

 

1.27 (1.11,1.45)

   

P < 0.01

 

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

 

P < 0.01

PDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

  

2.11 (1.62,2.75)

  

2.13 (1.64,2.78)

 
 

 Negative

  

1.34 (1.16,1.54)

  

1.34 (1.17,1.55)

 
    

P < 0.01

  

P < 0.01

 

NDA per adjusted 1SD

 Positive

 

0.67 (0.53,0.85)

  

0.68 (0.54,0.85)

  
 

 Negative

 

0.86 (0.75,0.99)

  

0.86 (0.75,0.98)

  
   

P = 0.07

  

P = 0.09

  
  1. Abbreviations: AUC area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, BIC Bayesian information criterion, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DA dense area, NDA non-dense area, OPERA Odds per Adjusted Standard Deviation, PDA percent dense area, SD standard deviation
  2. All of the estimates from conditional logistic regression are adjusted for age at mammogram
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