Table 2 Demographic data of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy (n = 1935)

Gender (Male vs. Female)

1511 (78.1) vs. 424 (21.9)

Surgical complications (major vs. minor/none)^k

205 (10.6) vs. 1730 (89.4)

HBV^b surface antigen (Positive)

1067 (55.2)

Daughter nodule (Yes)

435 (22.5)

Hepatitis C virus (Positive)

568 (29.3)

Cirrhosis (Yes)

984 (50.8)

Non-B Non-C^c (Yes)

248 (12.8)

Capsule (Yes)

1552 (80.2)

Child-Pugh Classification (A / B / C)

1863 (96.3) / 27(1.4) / 1(0.1)

Rupture (Yes)

143 (7.4)

Comorbidity (Yes)

739 (38.2)

Vascular invasion (Yes)

693 (35.8)

 Diabetes Mellitus (Yes)

405 (20.9)

Variables^a

Median (IQR)^p

 Hypertension (Yes)

434 (22.4)

Age (year-old)

60 (50–69)

 ESRD^d (Yes)

38 (2.0)

ICG-15^e (%)

7.42 (4.07–12.56)

Smoking (Yes)

453 (23.4)

Albumin (g/dL)

4.19 (3.80–4.40)

Alcohol (Yes)

294 (15.2)

Bilirubin total (mg/dL)

0.7 (0.5–0.9)

Age ≤ 65 (year-old)

1264 (65.3)

Platelet (1000/uL)

172 (129–216)

ICG-15^e ≤ 10 (%)

1167 (60.3)

INR^f

1.1 (1.0–1.1)

Albumin > 3.50 (g/dL)

1678 (86.7)

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.00 (0.81–1.20)

Bilirubin total ≤ 2.0 (mg/dL)

1894 (97.9)

Pre-OP CEA^l (ng/mL)

2.22 (1.35–3.38)

Platelet > 100 (1000/uL)

1688 (87.2)

Pre-OP CA-199^m (U/mL)

22.11 (10.63–37.73)

INR^f ≤ 1.4

1914 (98.9)

Pre-OP α-fetoproteinⁿ (ng/mL)

23.30 (5.49–328.28)

Pre-OP treatment^g (Yes)

189 (9.8)

Tumor size (cm)

3.6 (2.4–6.5)

Pre-OP symptoms^h (Yes)

496 (25.6)

OP duration^o (minutes)

254 (194–330)

Inflow controlⁱ (Yes)

1351 (69.8)

Blood loss (mL)

300 (100–500)

Procedure (Major resection(%))^j

596 (30.8)