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Table 1 Chemotherapy Dosing. Comparison of the reported LD50 in the literature, MTDs determined in this study, common murine i.p. in vivo dosages and clinical dose

From: A systematic investigation of the maximum tolerated dose of cytotoxic chemotherapy with and without supportive care in mice

Chemotherapy

Class

Reported LD50 in Literature [49]

Single dose MTD

Common murine in vivo single dose

Clinical Dose*

5-Fluorouracil

Antimetabolite

100 mg/kg

125 mg/kg

50–60 mg/kg [35, 61, 62]

71 mg/kg divided over 2 days (a bolus of 400 mg/m2 plus continuous infusion of 2400 mg/m2) [63]

Bleomycin

Antitumour antibiotic

35 mg/kg

30 mg/kg

15 mg/kg [64,65,66]

30 mg (irrespective of weight) [67]

Cisplatin

Platinum compound

6.6 mg/kg

6 mg/kg

5–6 mg/kg [34, 38, 39]

2.5 mg/kg (100 mg/m2) [68]

Cyclophosphamide

Alkylating agent

420 mg/kg

300 mg/kg

200 mg/kg [30, 69, 70]

60 mg/kg/day for 2 days [71]

Docetaxel

Taxane

156 mg/kg IV

130 mg/kg

60–80 mg/kg [31,32,33]

2.5 mg/kg (100 mg/m2) [72]

Doxorubicin

Anthracycline

10.7 mg/kg

10 mg/kg

2–12 mg/kg [22,23,24,25]

1.9 mg/kg (75 mg/m2) [73]

Etoposide

Topoisomerase inhibitor

64 mg/kg

75 mg/kg

50 mg/kg [74,75,76]

5 mg/kg (200 mg/m2) [77]

Gemcitabine

Antimetabolite

2000 mg/kg [78]

700 mg/kg

120 mg/kg [35, 36, 79]

25 mg/kg (1000 mg/m2) [80]

Irinotecan

Topoisomerase inhibitor

177 mg/kg

240 mg/kg

59–100 mg/kg [81,82,83]

8.9 mg/kg (350 mg/m2) [84]

Vinorelbine

Vinca Alkaloid

26 mg/kg

10 mg/kg

10 mg/kg [40,41,42]

0.63 mg/kg (25 mg/m2) [85]

  1. *Clinical dosages in patients are usually given as mg/m2, in those cases the amount of mg/kg was calculated based on a person of 1.9m2 (i.e. a person of 1.75 m height and a weight of 75 kg) as: [dose in mg/m2] × 1.9m2/75kg. Where clinical doses vary between indications, the highest dose is given with the appropriate reference. Note that clinical dosing is always in the context of repeated cycles