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Table 2 Factors associated with disease-free survival and overall survival in the entire sample of patients with ypT0-3N0 rectal cancer

From: Role of adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer with ypT0-3N0 after preoperative chemoradiation therapy and surgery

 

Disease-free survival

Overall survival

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

Age, years

 

0.002

 

0.013

 

0.001

 

<0.001

 < 70

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 ≥ 70

2.091 (1.299–3.366)

1.944 (1.148–3.293)

3.026 (1.584–5.780)

3.606 (1.848–7.038)

Sex

 

0.226

   

0.051

  

 Female

1

   

1

   

 Male

1.393 (0.814–2.384)

  

2.549 (0.998–6.511)

  

Distance from AV (cm)

 

0.122

   

0.302

  

 ≥ 10.0

1

   

1

   

 5.0–9.9

0.754 (0.340–1.674)

  

0.683 (0.220–2.122)

  

 < 5.0

1.256 (0.591–2.668)

  

1.184 (0.407–3.443)

  

Differentiation

 

0.646

   

0.327

  

 Well

1

   

1

   

 Moderate

1.045 (0.591–1.848)

  

1.103 (0.480–2.536)

  

 Poor, mucinous

1.493 (0.607–3.677)

  

2.202 (0.692–7.010)

  

Pretreatment CEA (ng/mL)

 

0.005

 

0.057

 

0.088

  

 < 5

1

 

1

 

1

   

 ≥ 5

1.877 (1.207–2.918)

1.628 (0.985–2.692)

1.717 (0.923–3.196)

  

Surgical procedure

 

0.001

 

<0.001

 

0.008

 

0.059

 LAR

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 APR

2.492 (1.480–4.196)

3.919 (1.996–7.697)

2.538 (1.272–5.064)

2.007 (0.974–4.135)

Stage

 

0.005

 

0.047

 

0.007

 

0.007

 ypT0

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 ypT1

2.234 (0.688–7.256)

1.876 (0.505–6.972)

5.049 (1.018–25.046)

4.853 (0.977–24.109)

 ypT2

2.317 (1.066–5.038)

2.661 (1.193–5.936)

1.872 (0.483–7.261)

1.488 (0.379–5.842)

 ypT3

3.555 (1.732–7.295)

2.917 (1.354–6.284)

5.340 (1.612–17.684)

4.742 (1.419–15.843)

LN dissected

 

0.119

   

0.100

  

 ≥ 12

1

   

1

   

 < 12

1.421 (0.913–2.212)

  

1.691 (0.904–3.166)

 

LVI/PNI

 

0.005

 

0.023

 

0.445

  

 Negative

1

 

1

 

1

   

 Positive

3.047 (1.391–6.678)

2.606 (1.144–5.938)

1.753 (0.415–7.401)

  

Margin

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 Negative

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 Positive

9.165 (4.653–18.050)

6.348 (2.786–14.467)

10.374 (4.546–23.673)

7.933 (3.351–18.779)

Mandard regression grade

 

0.004

   

0.050

  

 Grade 1

1

   

1

   

 Grade 2

2.503 (1.146–5.466)

  

3.040 (0.823–11.230)

  

 Grade 3

3.324 (1.538–7.185)

  

3.467 (0.938–12.809)

  

 Grade 4

4.434 (1.894–10.378)

  

6.702 (1.731–25.946)

  

Adjuvant chemotherapy

 

0.742

   

0.603

  

 No

1

   

1

   

 Yes

0.921 (0.562–1.507)

  

0.835 (0.423–1.648)

  
  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, AV anal verge, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, LAR lower anterior resection, APR abdomino-perineal resection, LN lymph node, LVI lymphovascular invasion, PNI perineural invasion
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