Fig. 3

TRAP promotes an elongated morphology, migration and invasion. Impact of TRAP expression on functional features associated with cancer progression. Morphological analysis was performed on TRAP-overexpressing cells (a, n = 9) and TRAP knockdown cells (b, n = 4) and respective controls (ctrl or scr; >200 cells per condition) by measurement of length-to-width ratios in ImageJ program. Transwell migration derived from differences at two time points was assessed on inserts precoated with 10 μg/mL of the matrix and basement membrane proteins osteopontin (OPN, n = 9), fibronectin (FN, n = 9), collagen type I (Col I, n = 10), collagen type IV (Col IV, n = 10), vitronectin (VN, n = 5), and laminin type I (Lam I, n = 5) in serum-free medium (c). Wound migration experiments were performed by live cell imaging over 30 h of TRAP-overexpressing cells (d, n = 3–6) and TRAP knockdown cells (e, n = 5) in serum-free medium. Transwell invasion through precoated basement membrane matrix, and induced by a serum gradient, was allowed to proceed for 18 h for all TRAP-overexpressing cell lines (f, n = 4). Statistical comparison was performed on biological replicates by ANOVA test (Fig. 3a, b , d–f ) or t-test (Fig. 3 c). Groups are generally compared to their respective controls (ctrl or scr) or indicated with brackets and significance is annotated with an asterisk (*). ns = non-significant. “n=” indicates the number of replicates