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Table 3 Comparisons of clinical characteristics at the time of brain MRI for clinical suspicion of cerebral infarction and outcomes between non-infarction group, determined stroke etiology group, and cryptogenic stroke etiology group

From: D-dimer levels and cerebral infarction in critically ill cancer patients

 

Non-infarction group (n = 45)

Determined etiology group (n = 16)

Cryptogenic etiology group (n = 27)

P value

Age, years

63.0 (41.0–69.0)a

67.5 (58.0–69.5)a

64 (58.5–69.0)a

0.278

Gender, male

25 (56)

12 (75)

14 (52)

0.297

Type of malignancy

 Solid tumor

17 (38)

4 (25)

12 (44)

0.444

 Hematologic

28 (62)

12 (75)

15 (56)

 

Recent chemotherapy

22 (49)

9 (56)

13 (48)

0.857

Vascular risk factors

 Hypertension

18 (40)

5 (31)

12 (44)

0.693

 Past and current smoking

17 (38)

6 (38)

8 (30)

0.765

 Ischemic heart disease

1 (2)

1 (6)

1 (4)

0.744

 Hypercholesterolemia

3 (7)

1 (4)

3 (7)

0.866

 Atrial fibrillation

11 (24)

5 (31)

3 (11)

0.241

 Diabetes mellitus

9 (20)

3 (19)

8 (30)

0.586

 Alcohol abuse

1 (2)

2 (13)

1 (4)

0.230

Thrombotic event

3 (7)

5 (31)

5 (19)

0.047

 Previous thrombotic eventb

n (7)

3 (19)

4 (15)

0.338

 Concomitant pulmonary thromboembolism

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (7)

0.099

 Concomitant deep vein thrombosis

1 (2)

4 (25)

1 (4)

0.006

DWI pattern

   

0.002

 Single arterial infarction

 

7 (44)

1 (4)

 

 Multiple arterial infarction

 

9 (56)

26 (96)

 

Antiplatelet use

1 (2)

1 (6)

1 (4)

0.744

Anticoagulant use

10 (22)

3 (19)

7 (26)

0.857

DIC

0 (0)

1 (6)

2 (7)

0.193

D-dimer (μg/mL)

4.86 (2.30–8.53)c

2.66 (2.29–3.75)c

10.38 (3.92–21.21)

0.001

Fibrinogen

323 (167–441)d

322 (262–433)d

358 (267–507)d

0.707

CRP

4.79 (3.24–7.13)e

11.66 (1.52–14.90)e,f

15.48 (6.42–22.44)f

0.036

Procalcitonin

1.05 (0.31–2.17)g

2.05 (0.45–3.52)g

0.80 (0.22–4.22)g

0.560

Outcomes

 ICU mortality

13 (29)

7 (44)

12 (46)

0.283

 In-hospital mortality

29 (64)

13 (81)

21 (81)

0.227

 Length of stay in ICU, days

13.6 (6.7–21.8)h

18.3 (8.7–36.5)h

14.7 (9.2–19.2)h

0.381

  1. Data are expressed as medians (interquartile range) or frequencies (%)
  2. Statistical significances of continuous variables were tested by the Kruskal-Wallis test among groups
  3. The same letters indicate non-significant differences between groups base on the Mann-Whitney U test
  4. DWI diffusion-weighted imaging, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation, CRP C-reactive protein, ICU intensive care unit
  5. bPrevious thrombotic events include ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism
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BMC Cancer

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