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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of elderly patients with liver cancer

From: Predictors of high healthcare costs in elderly patients with liver cancer in end-of-life: a longitudinal population-based study

Characteristics

Total

Non-HC group

HC group

p value

Number of patients, n (%)

2121

1909(90%)

212(10%)

 

Gender

   

0.133

 Male

1349(63.6%)

1224(64.2%)

125(58.7%)

 

 Female

772(36.4%)

684(35.8%)

88(41.3%)

 

Age on death, years

75.8 ± 6.5

75.3 ± 6.6

74.7 ± 6.4

0.233

Survival after cancer diagnosis, years [mean (median)]

1.94(0.80)

1.92(0.84)

2.10(0.88)

0.523

Diabetes

296(14.0%)

268(10.4%)

28(13.1%)

0.835

Hypertension

426(20.1%)

383(20.1%)

43(20.2%)

1

Stroke

164(7.7%)

144(7.5%)

20(9.4%)

0.343

HBV

436(20.6%)

384(20.1%)

52(24.4%)

0.152

HCV

621(29.3%)

556(29.1%)

65(30.5%)

0.692

Liver cirrhosis

1275(60.1%)

1139(59.7%)

136(63.8%)

0.268

EVB

18.7(8.8%)

149(7.8%)

38(17.8%)

<0.001

Ascites

519(24.5%)

479(25.1%)

40(18.8%)

0.044

CKD

155(7.3%)

129(6.8%)

26(12.2%)

0.008

Hemodialysis

95(4.5%)

62(3.2%)

33(15.5%)

<0.001

CCI (scores)

3.64 ± 2.36

3.62 ± 2.32

3.80 ± 2.65

0.534

Opioids use

459(21.6%)

393(20.6%)

66(31.0%)

0.001

Urbanization level

 Urban

949(44.7%)

842(44.1%)

107(50.2%)

0.095

 Suburban

775(36.5%)

702(36.8%)

73(34.3%)

0.500

 Rural

397(18.7%)

364(19.1%)

33(15.5%)

0.229

  1. Abbreviations: HC group high healthcare cost group (defined as those whose costs in the LML were greater than the 90th percentile (US $5093); non-HC group, non-high healthcare cost group (defined as those whose costs in the LML were lower than the 90th percentile), HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, EVB esophageal varices with bleeding, CKD chronic kidney disease, CCI Charlson comorbidity index