Variables |  | Mean ± SD | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total (n = 84) | Group 1 (n = 32) | Group 2 (n = 22) | Group 3 (n = 30) | p-value | |
Age (range: 33–73 years) |  | 53.11 ± 8.73 | 51.37 ± 7.35 | 54.09 ± 9.18 | 54.23 ± 9.69 | 0.37 |
Anthropometric | ||||||
 Current BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||||
  Adults (n = 62) |  | 26.79 ± 4.59 | 28.38 ± 4.12 | 26.76 ± 4.29 | 24.54 ± 4.73 | 0.018 |
  Elderly (n = 22) |  | 28.16 ± 4.53 | 29.40 ± 7.87 | 27.30 ± 2.07 | 28.07 ± 3.86 | 0.760 |
  WC (cm) |  | 90.63 ± 11.07 | 93.11 ± 10.07 | 91.67 ± 10.83 | 87.21 ± 11.73 | 0.096 |
  BFP (n = 74) |  | 35.23 ± 7.55 | 35.55 ± 7.53 | 34.38 ± 7.45 | 35.54 ± 7.92 | 0.845 |
Biochemicals | Recommendation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 TG | <150 mg/dL | 153.49 ± 85.21 | 156.43 ± 86.51 | 181.45 ± 102.83 | 130.03 ± 62.97 | 0.095 |
 HDL-C | >60 mg/dL | 55.19 ± 17.92 | 53.34 ± 16.62 | 47.51 ± 19.751 | 62.78 ± 15.291 | 0.006 |
 LDL-C | <100 mg/dL | 96.80 ± 28.24 | 94.79 ± 25.18 | 99.06 ± 37.88 | 97.30 ± 23.61 | 0.858 |
 Blood glucose | <100 mg/dL | 82.17 ± 30.22 | 78.41 ± 35.90 | 86.00 ± 29.02 | 83.37 ± 24.47 | 0.644 |
 Hemoglobin | 12.0 a 15.5 g/dL | 12.88 ± 1.69 | 12.63 ± 2.54 | 13.00 ± 0.80 | 13.05 ± 0.83 | 0.582 |
 WBC | 3.500 a 10.500 mil/mm | 5916.55 ± 1737.62 | 5403.12 ± 1589.95 | 6232.27 ± 1508.85 | 6232.67 ± 1954.68 | 0.104 |
 Platelets | 150 a 450 mil/mm | 194,142.9 ± 65,099.0 | 185,062.50 ± 73,578.98 | 198,772.73 ± 68,529.40 | 200,433.33 ± 52.848.31 | 0.608 |
 CRP | <0.3 mg/dL | 0.42 ± 0.64 | 0.49 ± 0.98 | 0.37 ± 0.31 | 0.37 ± 0.30 | 0.698 |
Food consumption | ||||||
 Energy (kcal) |  | 1591.63 ± 526.80 | 1742.62 ± 580.622 | 1393.56 ± 449.092 | 1575.83 ± 482.39 | 0.054 |
 Energy (kJ) |  | 6659.38 ± 2204.13 | 7291,12 ± 2429,312 | 5830,66 ± 1878,992 | 6593,27 ± 2018,32 | 0.054 |
 Carbohydrate (g) |  | 201.94 ± 71.98 | 212.01 ± 67.38 | 182.85 ± 63.47 | 205.19 ± 81.60 | 0.331 |
 Protein (g) |  | 65.09 ± 25.02 | 72.14 ± 28.63 | 56.66 ± 21.86 | 63.76 ± 21.42 | 0.076 |
 Lipids (g) |  | 58.37 ± 22.69 | 66.74 ± 25.933 | 48.61 ± 18.143 | 56.61 ± 19.06 | 0.012 |