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Table 5 Percentage attributable risk factor, relative risk, and actual incidence rates, in Females

From: Proportion of cancer in a Middle eastern country attributable to established risk factors

Risk factor

Percentage attributable risk factor PAF (%) in Females in 2008

Projected incident cases in Lebanon 2018 (rate per 100,000). Data from Shamseddine et al.

Number of cases in 2018 resulting from risk factorsa

Tobacco smoking, former smokers and current smokers

Esophagus: 33%

0.7

5

Larynx: 65%

2.0

30

Lung: 72%

14.3

237

Bladder: 40%

13.4

123

Gastric: 17%

7.7

30

Liver: 16%

6.6

24

Pancreas: 18%

2.3

10

Cervix: 21%

5.8

28

Body Mass Index (BMI), overweight and obese

Colon: 6%

10.9

15

Rectum: 3%

5.9

4

Ovary: 9%

22.0

46

Liver: 15%

6.6

23

Renal cell: 29%

N/A

 

EGCA: 39%

N/A

 

Pancreas: 15%

2.3

8

Endometrium: 32%

N/A

 

Breast: 5%

137.0

158

Physical activity, Low activity

Breast:6%

137.0

189

Gastroesophageal:21%

N/A

 

Bladder: 7%

13.4

22

Colorectal: 10%

Colon 10.9, Rectal 5.9

39

Low adherence to Mediterranean diet

Gastric: 6%

7.7

11

Colorectal: 2%

Colon 10.9, Rectal

8

Bladder: 1%

5.9

3

 

13.4

 

Alcohol, heavy drinkers

Oropharyngeal: 4%

2.8

3

Esophagus: 6%

0.7

1

Liver: 3%

6.6

5

Colorectal:1 = 0.2%

Colon 10.9, Rectal

1

Breast:0.5%

5.9

137.0

16

H. Pylori infection

Gastric: 50%

7.7

89

Air pollution (PM2.5 concentration above allowable levels)

Lung: 13%

14.3

43

  1. N/A Data not available
  2. aassuming 4.5 million Lebanese nationals in 2018