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Table 4 The association between regular recreational physical activity and head and neck cancer by disease site

From: Regular recreational physical activity and risk of head and neck cancer

  

Oral Cancer

Pharyngeal Cancer

Laryngeal Cancer

Regular recreational physical activity

Control

N = 731

n (%)

Cases

N = 395

n (%)

OR (95% CI)a

Cases

N = 154

n (%)

OR (95% CI)a

Cases

N = 74

n (%)

OR (95% CI)a

Yes/No

 No regular exercise

397 (54.3)

265 (67.1)

Reference

107 (69.5)

Reference

42 (56.8)

Reference

 Regular exercise

334 (45.7)

130 (32.9)

1.02 (0.74–1.41)

47 (30.5)

0.79 (0.49–1.27)

32 (43.2)

1.03 (0.58–1.85)

Intensity

 No regular exercise

397 (54.3)

265 (67.1)

Reference

107 (69.5)

Reference

42 (56.8)

Reference

 light

10 (1.4)

5 (1.3)

0.91 (0.26–3.12)

1 (0.6)

0.27 (0.3–2.49)

4 (5.4)

2.45 (0.61–9.95)

 moderate

154 (21.1)

71 (17.9)

1.19 (0.80–1.78)

26 (16.9)

0.89 (0.49–1.61)

17 (23.0)

0.93 (0.46–1.87)

 vigorous

170 (23.3)

54 (13.7)

0.87 (0.58–1.32)

20 (13.0)

0.75 (0.41–1.38)

11 (14.8)

1.01 (0.45–2.24)

Frequency

 No regular exercise

397 (54.3)

265 (67.1)

Reference

107 (69.5)

Reference

42 (56.8)

Reference

 3 days per week

60 (8.2)

23 (5.8)

1.34 (0.73–2.44)

11 (7.1)

1.44 (0.65–3.19)

4 (5.4)

1.19 (0.36–3.96)

 4–5 days per week

54 (7.4)

21 (5.3)

1.02 (0.54–1.92)

4 (2.6)

0.51 (0.16–1.59)

1 (1.3)

0.32 (0.04–2.55)

 6–7 days per week

220 (30.1)

86 (21.8)

0.95 (0.66–1.38)

32 (20.8)

0.70 (0.41–1.22)

27 (36.5)

1.14 (0.61–2.12)

Total MET-hours per week

 No regular exercise

397 (54.3)

265 (67.1)

Reference

107 (69.5)

Reference

42 (56.8)

Reference

 0.1-10.0

64 (8.8)

29 (7.3)

1.07 (0.61–1.90)

11 (7.1)

0.90 (0.40–2.01)

3 (4.0)

0.43 (0.12–1.60)

 10.1-20.0

91 (12.4)

37 (9.4)

0.94 (0.58–1.53)

13 (8.4)

0.59 (0.28–1.23)

13 (17.6)

1.14 (0.52–2.51)

 20.1-30.0

64 (8.8)

22 (5.6)

0.91 (0.50–1.65)

8 (5.2)

1.03 (0.43–2.48)

8 (10.8)

1.37 (0.54–3.47)

  > 30.0

115 (15.7)

42 (10.6)

1.16 (0.72–1.87)

15 (9.8)

0.84 (0.42–1.70)

7 (9.5)

1.10 (0.42–2.87)

 Unknown

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

--

0 (0.0)

--

1 (1.3)

--

Total years of regular exercise

 No regular exercise

397 (54.3)

265 (67.1)

Reference

107 (69.5)

Reference

42 (56.8)

Reference

 0.1-5.0

165 (22.6)

76 (19.2)

0.97 (0.67–1.42)

24 (15.6)

0.71 (0.41–1.25)

14 (18.9)

0.79 (0.39–1.62)

 5.1-10.0

92 (12.6)

24 (6.1)

0.70 (0.40–1.24)

12 (7.8)

0.92 (0.43–1.96)

10 (13.5)

1.74 (0.73–4.14)

  > 10.0

77 (10.5)

30 (7.6)

1.87 (1.06–3.28)

11 (7.1)

0.91 (0.39–2.11)

8 (10.8)

1.14 (0.41–3.14)

  1. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, N number, OR odds ratio
  2. aOR and 95% CI were calculated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age, education, cigarette smoking (pack-year categories), betel quid chewing (pack-year categories), alcohol drinking (frequency), and intake of vegetables and fruits