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Table 2 Poisson regression analysis results for diagnosis for thyroid cancer

From: Thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy positively correlates with increased diagnosis of thyroid cancer in South Korean patients

Variables

Total patients

Patients with thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy

RRa

95% CI

P-value

RRa

95% CI

P-value

Regional variables

 Number of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy in Si-Gun-Gu (per 100,000 people; per 100 increase)

1.108

1.090

1.126

<0.0001

0.973

0.952

0.995

0.0143

 Financial independence rate of local government (per 10%)

1.037

0.955

1.125

0.3849

1.003

0.992

1.015

0.5599

Individual variables

 Sex

  Male

0.206

0.194

0.220

<0.0001

1.075

0.990

1.168

0.0852

  Female

1.000

-

-

-

1.000

-

-

-

 Age (years)

  0–19

0.059

0.038

0.093

<0.0001

1.359

0.703

2.627

0.3613

  20–29

1.155

0.864

1.543

0.3313

1.700

1.065

2.713

0.0263

  30–39

3.334

2.532

4.391

<0.0001

1.796

1.142

2.824

0.0113

  40–49

5.389

4.100

7.082

<0.0001

1.519

0.968

2.385

0.0689

  50–59

6.430

4.892

8.450

<0.0001

1.219

0.776

1.913

0.3897

  60–69

4.721

3.578

6.230

<0.0001

0.921

0.584

1.453

0.7245

  70–79

2.542

1.901

3.398

<0.0001

0.858

0.535

1.376

0.5248

  80+

1.000

-

-

-

1.000

-

-

-

 Type of insurance coverage

  Medical Aid

0.768

0.642

0.919

0.0040

1.466

1.101

1.952

0.0087

  NHI (self-employed)

0.785

0.745

0.827

<0.0001

1.014

0.947

1.085

0.6984

  NHI (employed)

1.000

-

-

-

1.000

-

-

-

 Income (percentiles)

  0–29%

0.640

0.591

0.692

<0.0001

0.879

0.794

0.974

0.0135

  30–59%

0.725

0.682

0.771

<0.0001

0.965

0.892

1.045

0.3839

  60%+

1.000

-

-

-

1.000

-

-

-

 Year

  2003

1.000

-

-

-

1.000

-

-

-

  2004

0.853

0.727

1.001

0.0517

0.784

0.597

1.029

0.0795

  2005

0.907

0.776

1.060

0.2187

0.770

0.593

1.000

0.0500

  2006

1.029

0.885

1.197

0.7092

0.878

0.686

1.125

0.3051

  2007

1.258

1.086

1.456

0.0022

0.924

0.727

1.174

0.5179

  2008

1.438

1.243

1.664

<0.0001

0.927

0.730

1.178

0.5372

  2009

1.765

1.530

2.035

<0.0001

1.023

0.807

1.297

0.8505

  2010

1.583

1.361

1.842

<0.0001

0.870

0.680

1.112

0.2646

  2011

1.757

1.509

2.045

<0.0001

1.026

0.804

1.309

0.8379

  2012

1.725

1.477

2.015

<0.0001

1.041

0.813

1.332

0.7510

  2013

1.579

1.345

1.854

<0.0001

1.067

0.830

1.371

0.6152

 Region (distance from Seoul)

  Gangwon-do (100.6 km)

1.001

0.662

1.515

0.9960

0.999

0.557

1.789

0.9959

  Gyeonggi-do (40.0 km)

1.192

1.042

1.364

0.0107

0.955

0.792

1.151

0.6277

  Gyeongsangnam-do (366.4 km)

1.234

0.925

1.647

0.1526

1.130

0.760

1.680

0.5457

  Gyeongsangbuk-do (225.5 km)

1.293

0.882

1.897

0.1879

1.322

0.777

2.249

0.3028

  Gwangju (295.3 km)

1.435

1.124

1.832

0.0037

0.882

0.634

1.226

0.4537

  Daegu (288.3 km)

1.325

1.099

1.598

0.0032

1.106

0.850

1.437

0.4539

  Daejeon (160.9 km)

1.735

1.451

2.075

<0.0001

1.445

1.130

1.848

0.0033

  Busan (394.2 km)

1.048

0.883

1.244

0.5927

1.238

0.974

1.574

0.0810

  Seoul

1.238

1.003

1.528

0.0468

1.038

0.776

1.388

0.7999

  Ulsan (395.7 km)

1.354

1.121

1.636

0.0017

1.370

1.074

1.746

0.0111

  Incheon (37.7 km)

1.000

-

-

-

    

  Jeollanam-do (346.3 km)

1.774

1.150

2.737

0.0095

1.387

0.751

2.562

0.2954

  Jeollabuk-do (216.9 km)

1.398

0.924

2.113

0.1125

1.263

0.710

2.245

0.4275

  Jeju-do (541.6 km)

1.535

0.996

2.366

0.0522

1.436

0.794

2.598

0.2315

  Chungcheongnam-do (129.9 km)

1.383

0.982

1.946

0.0633

1.239

0.772

1.990

0.3746

  Chungcheongbuk-do (137.1 km)

1.130

0.780

1.636

0.5188

0.960

0.564

1.634

0.8805

 QIC

99756.63

24319.41

  1. aRelative risk for diagnosis of thyroid cancer, based on the results of Poisson regression analysis with GEE adjusted for individual- and regional-level characteristic to identify the relationship between regional thyroid fine-needle biopsy rates and diagnosis of thyroid cancer