Skip to main content

Table 2 Association of dietary and total calcium and vitamin D intake with prostate cancer

From: Race and BMI modify associations of calcium and vitamin D intake with prostate cancer

 

Controls

 

Cases vs. Controls

 

NCCN High Risk vs. Controls

 

Gleason Score ≥4 + 3 vs. Controls

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

 

n (%)

n (%)

OR (95% C.I.)

OR (95% C.I.)

n (%)

OR (95% C.I.)

OR (95% C.I.)

n (%)

OR (95% C.I.)

OR (95% C.I.)

Dietary Calcium, mg/day

 Quartile 1 (<283.5)

236 (24.6)

178 (25.5)

1.00

1.00

35 (22.3)

1.00

1.00

30 (19.4)

1.00

1.00

 Quartile 2 (283.5–504.4)

246 (25.7)

168 (24.0)

0.91 (0.69–1.19)

0.86 (0.63–1.18)

32 (20.4)

0.88 (0.53–1.46)

0.88 (0.48–1.61)

33 (21.3)

1.06 (0.62–1.79)

0.99 (0.55–1.79)

 Quartile 3 (504.5–813.1)

247 (25.8)

168 (24.0)

0.90 (0.68–1.19)

0.93 (0.67–1.30)

35 (22.3)

0.96 (0.58–1.58)

1.37 (0.73–2.57)

38 (24.5)

1.21 (0.73–2.02)

1.47 (0.82–2.66)

 Quartile 4 (>813.1)

229 (23.9)

185 (26.5)

1.07 (0.81–1.41)

0.98 (0.69–1.39)

55 (35.0)

1.62 (1.02–2.57)

1.43 (0.76–2.71)

54 (34.8)

1.86 (1.15–3.00)

1.80 (1.00–3.25)

 P for Trend

  

0.49

0.92

 

0.04

0.07

 

0.03

0.02

Dietary Vitamin D, IU/day

 Quartile 1 (<29.9)

249 (26.0)

165 (23.6)

1.00

1.00

26 (16.6)

1.00

1.00

29 (18.7)

1.00

1.00

 Quartile 2 (29.9–71.4)

244 (25.5)

170 (24.3)

1.05 (0.80–1.39)

0.98 (0.71–1.35)

41 (26.1)

1.61 (0.96–2.71)

1.24 (0.68–2.29)

37 (23.9)

1.30 (0.77–2.18)

1.03 (0.58–1.84)

 Quartile 3 (71.5–148.3)

229 (23.9)

186 (26.6)

1.23 (0.93–1.62)

1.15 (0.81–1.63)

48 (30.6)

2.01 (1.21–3.34)

1.45 (0.75–2.80)

46 (29.7)

1.73 (1.05–2.84)

1.28 (0.69–2.37)

 Quartile 4 (>148.3)

236 (24.6)

178 (25.5)

1.14 (0.86–1.50)

1.01 (0.67–1.50)

42 (26.8)

1.70 (1.01–2.86)

0.86 (0.40–1.86)

43 (27.7)

1.56 (0.95–2.59)

0.96 (0.48–1.93)

 P for Trend

  

0.35

0.87

 

0.13

0.38

 

0.11

0.93

Supplemental Calcium, mg/day

 0

464 (48.4)

384 (54.9)

1.00

1.00

94 (59.9)

1.00

1.00

83 (53.5)

1.00

1.00

 0–400

103 (10.8)

41 (5.9)

0.48 (0.33–0.71)

0.66 (0.2–1.03)

8 (5.1)

0.38 (0.18–0.81)

0.67 (0.28–1.59)

11 (7.1)

0.60 (0.31–1.16)

1.02 (0.48–2.14)

 ≥400

391 (40.8)

274 (39.2)

0.85 (0.69–1.04)

0.88 (0.69–1.13)

55 (35.0)

0.69 (0.49–0.99)

0.64 (0.40–1.01)

61 (39.4)

0.87 (0.61–1.25)

0.79 (0.52–1.22)

 P for Trend

  

0.20

0.39

 

0.07

0.05

 

0.54

0.29

Total Calcium, mg/day

 Quartile 1 (<368.8)

240 (25.1)

174 (24.9)

1.00

1.00

34 (21.7)

1.00

1.00

30 (19.4)

1.00

1.00

 Quartile 2 (368.8–616.0)

249 (26.0)

165 (23.6)

0.91 (0.69–1.21)

0.94 (0.67–1.31)

34 (21.7)

0.96 (0.58–1.60)

1.10 (0.59–2.02)

34 (21.9)

1.09 (0.65–1.84)

1.12 (0.62–2.05)

 Quartile 3 (616.1–1033.3)

234 (24.4)

181 (25.9)

1.07 (0.81–1.41)

1.19 (0.84–1.68)

38 (24.2)

1.15 (0.70–1.88)

1.38 (0.72–2.63)

43 (27.7)

1.47 (0.89–2.42)

1.66 (0.91–3.04)

 Quartile 4 (>1033.3)

235 (24.5)

179 (25.6)

1.05 (0.80–1.38)

1.06 (0.74–1.53)

51 (32.5)

1.53 (0.96–2.45)

1.98 (1.01–3.91)

48 (31.0)

1.63 (1.01–2.67)

1.83 (0.97–3.48)

 P for Trend

  

0.49

0.68

 

0.04

0.03

 

0.03

0.03

Total Vitamin D, IU/day

 Quartile 1 (<63.5)

231 (24.1)

183 (26.2)

1.00

1.00

39 (24.8)

1.00

1.00

36 (23.2)

1.00

1.00

 Quartile 2 (63.5–239.2)

244 (25.5)

170 (24.3)

0.88 (0.67–1.16)

0.86 (0.61–1.21)

39 (24.8)

0.95 (0.58–1.53)

0.85 (0.46–1.56)

38 (24.5)

1.00 (0.61–1.63)

0.91 (0.50–1.65)

 Quartile 3 (239.3–510.2)

239 (24.9)

176 (25.2)

0.93 (0.71–1.22)

0.89 (0.63–1.25)

52 (33.1)

1.29 (0.82–2.03)

1.03 (0.57–1.89)

46 (29.7)

1.24 (0.77–1.98)

1.08 (0.60–1.93)

 Quartile 4 (>510.2)

244 (25.5)

170 (24.3)

0.88 (0.67–1.16)

0.81 (0.56–1.16)

27 (17.2)

0.66 (0.39–1.11)

0.38 (0.18–0.79)

35 (22.6)

0.92 (0.56–1.52)

0.64 (0.33–1.23)

 P for Trend

  

0.55

0.39

 

0.17

0.01

 

0.80

0.16

  1. NOTE: Model adjusted for age, family history of PCa, race/ethnicity, BMI, education, smoking, alcohol use, and marital status as well as mutually adjustment for total calcium or vitamin D intake. In the adjusted model, dietary and supplementary calcium and vitamin D intake simultaneously adjusted for each other. For the analysis of dietary and supplementary calcium intake, total vitamin D intake was adjusted for, while we adjusted for total calcium intake for the analysis of dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake. Significant association is shown with bolded type