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Table 4 Hazard ratios for developing cancer in patients with CHI after excluding HBV/HCV coinfected patients

From: Chronic hepatitis infection is associated with extrahepatic cancer development: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan

 

HBV

HCV

No

Yes

 

No

Yes

 

Cancer type

Cases

Cases

HR

(95 % CI)a

Cases

Cases

HR

(95 % CI)a

Overall

1,517

829

2.34

(2.15–2.55)

1,174

731

2.71

(2.47–2.99)

Brain cancer

21

4

0.85

(0.29–2.51)

13

4

1.51

(0.48–4.77)

Head and neck cancer

233

47

0.84

(0.61–1.16)

107

29

1.06

(0.70–1.62)

Thyroid gland cancer

53

20

1.41

(0.84–2.38)

23

9

1.62

(0.73–3.61)

Esophageal cancer

42

13

1.47

(0.78–2.76)

22

9

2.08

(0.93–4.65)

Stomach cancer

78

18

1.01

(0.60–1.69)

76

23

1.38

(0.85–2.24)

Colorectal cancer

212

72

1.51

(1.15–1.98)

204

51

1.09

(0.79–1.49)

Liver cancer

102

439

18.9

(15.2–23.6)

86

451

23.28

(18.4–29.5)

Gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer

20

7

1.56

(0.65–3.73)

19

11

2.53

(1.17–5.48)*

Pancreatic cancer

33

13

1.69

(0.88–3.23)

32

11

1.68

(0.82–3.41)

Lung cancer

198

48

1.07

(0.78–1.47)

212

43

0.87

(0.62–1.21)

Kidney cancer

52

22

1.81

(1.10–3.01)*

47

11

0.98

(0.49–1.93)

Bladder cancer

67

13

0.87

(0.48–1.58)

65

13

0.91

(0.50–1.68)

Uterine and corpus cancerb

33

11

1.26

(0.63–2.50)

25

8

1.61

(0.71–3.67)

Cervical cancerb

42

10

1.10

(0.55–2.21)

32

11

1.52

(0.75–3.08)

Ovarian cancerb

23

8

1.35

(0.60–3.07)

10

1

0.58

(0.07–4.62)

Prostate cancerc

96

22

0.93

(0.58–1.49)

82

16

0.84

(0.48–1.46)

Breast cancerb

192

53

1.15

(0.84–1.56)

92

25

1.24

(0.78–1.95)

Melanoma

11

0

--

--

7

2

1.48

(0.29–7.56)

Skin cancer

27

13

1.90

(0.97–3.73)

24

9

1.35

(0.61–2.99)

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

29

15

2.22

(1.18–4.18)*

27

13

2.66

(1.34–5.27)

Myeloma

9

2

1.04

(0.22–4.90)

5

3

3.25

(0.73–14.5)

Leukemia

35

10

1.24

(0.61–2.52)

22

2

0.35

(0.08–1.53)

  1. *p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.0001
  2. aAdjusted for sex, age, geographical region, occupation, level of urbanization, monthly income, the presence of comorbidities, and number of outpatient visits
  3. bWomen only
  4. cMen only