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Table 2 Mean ± SD of immunohistochemistry scores for activin βA- and βB-subunits, type 2 receptors, phosphorylated (p)-smads2&3, Smad4, smads6&7 and follistatin proteins in colon specimens from the different groups and according to pre-neoplastic (large ACF and MDF), benign and malignant lesions

From: Activins and their related proteins in colon carcinogenesis: insights from early and advanced azoxymethane rat models of colon cancer

 

Control group

S-AOM group

L-AOM group

Normal gland

Pre-neoplastic lesion

Adenoma

Carcinoma in situ

Carcinoma

Serosal metastatic carcinoma

βA-subunit

215.5 ± 31.1

296.8 ± 34.4b

255.1 ± 29.3a,c

313.3 ± 22.2b,d

334.1 ± 27.2b,c,d,e

363.7 ± 34.3b,c,d,e,f

βB-subunit

173.7 ± 28.7

113.4 ± 29.2b

227.2 ± 33.2a,c

129 ± 31.4b,d

122.8 ± 25.5b,c,d

73.7 ± 21 .9b,c,d,e,f

ACTRIIA

201.1 ± 26

137.2 ± 28.3b

234.7 ± 31.7a,c

103.3 ± 28.3b,c,d

93.4 ± 22.2b,c,d

68.8 ± 23.3b,c,d,e,f

ACTRIIB

116.6 ± 26.7

261.8 ± 37.7b

277.6 ± 31.6b

311.4 ± 22.8b,c,d

321.3 ± 28.9b,c.d

352.4 ± 27.6b,c,d,e,f

p-Smad2

192.4 ± 29.5

137.1 ± 26.8b

88.8 ± 21.7b,c

79.6 ± 25.3b.c

78.5 ± 22.9b,c

81.3 ± 18.8b,c

p-Smad3

272.7 ± 27.6

236.5 ± 42.6a

228.4 ± 47.4b

142.8 ± 43.6b,c,d

133.3 ± 39.3b,c,d

314.7 ± 32.2a,c,d,e,f

Smad4

226.7 ± 29.4

163.1 ± 27.2a

108.8 ± 33.1b,c

134.5 ± 35.3b,c

121.4 ± 38.4b,c

81.3 ± 22.2b,c,d,e,f

Samds6&7

166.8 ± 32.9

92.3 ± 21.7b

132.7 ± 31.3a,c

115.1 ± 21.3a,d

89.6 ± 23.3b.d.e

235.6 ± 42.2b,c,d,e,f

Follistatin

237.6 ± 22.2

272.3 ± 25.3a

291.4 ± 24.2b

317.8 ± 22.3b,c,d

333.8 ± 35.3b,c,d

365.8 ± 29.9b,c,d,e

  1. aP < 0.05 compared with normal; bP < 0.01 compared with normal; cP < 0.05 with pre-neoplastic lesion subgroup; dP < 0.05 compared with adenoma subgroup; eP < 0.05 with carcinoma in situ subgroup and fP < 0.05 compared with carcinoma subgroup