Leucine-rich diet alters the 1H-NMR based metabolomic profile without changing the Walker-256 tumour mass in rats

Viana, Laís Rosa; Canevarolo, Rafael; Luiz, Anna Caroline Perina; Soares, Raquel Frias; Lubaczeuski, Camila; Zeri, Ana Carolina de Mattos; Gomes-Marcondes, Maria Cristina Cintra

doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2811-2

BMC Cancer

Table 4 Tumour tissue metabolic concentration (μM)

From: Leucine-rich diet alters the ¹H-NMR based metabolomic profile without changing the Walker-256 tumour mass in rats

Metabolites	W (average ± SD)	LW (average ± SD)
2-Aminobutyrate	16.9 ± 7.3	13.0 ± 5.7
2-Hydroxybutyrate	12.3 ± 4.1	10.4 ± 5.1
2-Hydroxyisovalerate	6.6 ± 2.6	5.4 ± 3.1
3-Hydroxybutyrate	52.9 ± 47.0	49.7 ± 37.3
3-Hydroxyisobutyrate	6.1 ± 1.7	7.5 ± 2.8
4-Hydroxyphenyllactate	1.6 ± 0.5	2.0 ± 1.0
ADP	16.3 ± 4.3	17.8 ± 8.7
AMP	65.6 ± 39.9	77.3 ± 29.4
Acetate	62.5 ± 12.9	57.3 ± 22.3
Acetone	1.5 ± 1.0	1.6 ± 0.6
Alanine	889.6 ± 477.7	813.7 ± 377.2
Anserine	47.2 ± 29.1	28.2 ± 18.0
Ascorbate	91.3 ± 42.9	87.8 ± 40.5
Asparagine	78.9 ± 35.8	66.1 ± 22.9
Aspartate	106.8 ± 54.5	84.4 ± 40.2
Betaine	56.6 ± 33.8	50.2 ± 29.8
Carnitine	24.8 ± 14.1	22.8 ± 8.1
Choline	22.7 ± 6.2	20.5 ± 10.8
Creatine	118.7 ± 53.2	147.6 ± 82.4
Cytidine	13.0 ± 5.3	11.8 ± 5.7
Dimethylamine	2.2 ± 1.0	1.7 ± 1.4
Ethanol	3.3 ± 1.5	5.3 ± 2.7
Formate	13.4 ± 4.6	10.4 ± 5.4
Fumarate	7.2 ± 1.8	7.4 ± 2.5
Glucose	26.3 ± 11.5	31.1 ± 11.8
Glutamate	541.2 ± 210.0	536.0 ± 208.1
Glutamine	67.8 ± 49.3	54.5 ± 31.7
Glutathione	17.8 ± 8.4	19.6 ± 11.3
Glycerol	46.8 ± 10.6	35.0 ± 7.0*
Glycine	534.3 ± 302.2	466.5 ± 170.9
Guanosine	2.3 ± 1.0	2.0 ± 0.8
Histidine	39.0 ± 15.1	36.2 ± 13.5
Hypoxanthine	31.6 ± 9.0	23.7 ± 8.5
Inosine	61.3 ± 26.2	55.4 ± 23.8
Isoleucine	42.7 ± 16.7	35.0 ± 11.9
Lactate	3193.4 ± 1295.5	3390.1 ± 1713.1
Leucine	86.8 ± 30.2	102.9 ± 56.4
Lysine	168.6 ± 58.1	164.0 ± 76.5
Malate	81.2 ± 24.6	71.5 ± 31.6
Methionine	35.1 ± 16.4	24.5 ± 9.6
N, N-Dimethylglycine	1.6 ± 0.6	2.1 ± 0.8
Niacinamide	19.8 ± 6.2	16.8 ± 5.5
O-Acetylcarnitine	8.8 ± 1.8	8.9 ± 4.7
O-Phosphocholine	206.0 ± 86.2	219.2 ± 77.5
O-Phosphoethanolamine	516.4 ± 206.1	447.2 ± 194.8
Ornithine	9.5 ± 3.5	10.7 ± 3.0
Oxypurinol	669.6 ± 457.5	688.7 ± 433.6
Phenylalanine	52.1 ± 24.6	40.9 ± 13.9
Proline	264.1 ± 101.0	254.6 ± 106.7
Propionate	3.7 ± 1.4	4.2 ± 1.7
Sarcosine	4.5 ± 2.5	4.0 ± 2.4
Serine	129.6 ± 50.2	121.6 ± 56.6
Succinate	78.5 ± 42.3	84.9 ± 43.3
Taurine	750.7 ± 165.6	832.3 ± 297.0
Threonine	146.8 ± 60.3	190.9 ± 125.8
Tryptophan	18.6 ± 7.0	14.8 ± 5.1
Tyrosine	69.5 ± 35.5	50.4 ± 18.3
UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine	17.4 ± 7.9	15.1 ± 6.1
UDP-galactose	6.5 ± 2.2	6.7 ± 1.9
UDP-glucose	11.4 ± 2.7	15.2 ± 5.2
Uracil	25.5 ± 5.9	20.5 ± 6.5
Uridine	14.1 ± 5.0	12.9 ± 5.3
Valine	88.7 ± 33.4	75.9 ± 26.5
Myoinositol	81.4 ± 31.4	79.1 ± 40.5
sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine	64.8 ± 33.8	80.4 ± 45.3
β-Alanine	16.6 ± 6.3	19.5 ± 5.3
3-Methylhistidine	16.6 ± 10.5	20.1 ± 16.6
τ-Methylhistidine	3.9 ± 1.2	5.4 ± 3.5

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. For details, see the Methods and Results sections
*P ≤ 0.05 in comparison with the W group

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