Table 2 Subgroup analyses for the effect of diabetes on risk of colorectal adenoma
From: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal adenoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Subgroup | Sample size | RR (95Â % CI) | P value | Heterogeneity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
χ 2 | I2 | P value | ||||
Sub-site of adenoma | ||||||
 Advanced adenoma | 2145 | 1.41 (1.06–1.87) | 0.018 | 1.50 | 0.0 % | 0.473 |
 Proximal adenoma | 9343 | 1.28 (0.88–1.87) | 0.199 | 10.89 | 72.4 % | 0.012 |
 Distal adenoma | 9343 | 1.11 (0.89–1.38) | 0.353 | 3.63 | 17.3 % | 0.305 |
 Colon adenoma | 11201 | 1.06 (0.73–1.53) | 0.758 | 10.72 | 72.0 % | 0.013 |
 Multiple adenoma | 6840 | 1.95 (0.97–3.94) | 0.061 | 6.73 | 85.2 % | 0.009 |
Type of diabetes | ||||||
 Known T2DM | 20326 | 1.56 (1.16–2.08) | 0.003 | 43.88 | 81.8 % | 0.000 |
 Newly diagnosed T2DM | 1604 | 1.51 (1.16–1.97) | 0.002 | 0.00 | 0.0 % | 0.946 |
Gender | ||||||
 Male | 7839 | 1.33 (0.99–1.80) | 0.059 | 4.74 | 36.7 % | 0.192 |
 Female | 5135 | 1.29 (0.76–2.17) | 0.348 | 10.33 | 80.6 % | 0.006 |
Area | ||||||
 Europe | 13527 | 1.27 (1.02–1.57) | 0.032 | 2.18 | 0.0 % | 0.336 |
 USA | 5767 | 1.69 (1.14–2.51) | 0.009 | 32.18 | 84.5 % | 0.000 |
 Asia | 11684 | 1.57 (1.21–2.05) | 0.001 | 13.23 | 62.2 % | 0.021 |
Study type | ||||||
 Prospective study | 13871 | 1.27 (0.77–2.10) | 0.357 | 11.93 | 83.2 % | 0.003 |
 Retrospective study | 17405 | 1.57 (1.30–1.89) | 0.000 | 25.40 | 60.6 % | 0.005 |
 Population based study | 6122 | 1.46 (1.21–1.89) | 0.005 | 2.06 | 3 % | 0.357 |
Studies with high quality | 26046 | 1.64 (1.26–2.14) | 0.000 | 45.78 | 78.2 % | 0.000 |