From: Nomograms to predict survival after colorectal cancer resection without preoperative therapy
 | Cancer-specific survival | Overall survival | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Covariates | HR | 95Â % CI | P | HR | 95Â % CI | P |
Sex (Male vs. Female) | 1.142 | 1.094–1.193 | <0.0001 | 1.246 | 1.202–1.293 | <0.0001 |
Race (ref, White) | ||||||
 Black | 1.199 | 1.130–1.273 | <0.0001 | 1.191 | 1.132–1.254 | <0.0001 |
 Yellow (Chinese, Korean, Japanese) | 0.784 | 0.702–0.875 | <0.0001 | 0.713 | 0.649–0.784 | <0.0001 |
 Other | 1.030 | 0.935–1.135 | 0.5449 | 0.996 | 0.915–1.083 | 0.9203 |
Marital status at diagnosis (ref, Married) | ||||||
 Divorced | 1.175 | 1.092–1.265 | <0.0001 | 1.214 | 1.139–1.293 | <0.0001 |
 Single (never married) | 1.235 | 1.161–1.313 | <0.0001 | 1.277 | 1.211–1.346 | <0.0001 |
 Widowed | 1.189 | 1.118–1.264 | <0.0001 | 1.224 | 1.165–1.285 | <0.0001 |
 Unknown | 1.014 | 0.886–1.161 | 0.8424 | 1.145 | 1.029–1.275 | 0.0131 |
CEA status (Positive vs. negative) | 1.589 | 1.517–1.664 | <0.0001 | 1.486 | 1.431–1.543 | <0.0001 |
Extent of surgery (ref, Loc/seg resection) | ||||||
 Subtotal/hemisection | 1.067 | 1.012–1.125 | 0.0156 | 1.040 | 0.995–1.087 | 0.0824 |
 Total resection | 1.269 | 1.139–1.414 | <0.0001 | 1.180 | 1.073–1.297 | 0.0007 |
Tumor site (ref, Proximal colon) | ||||||
 Distal colon | 0.910 | 0.860–0.962 | <0.0001 | 0.918 | 0.876–0.962 | 0.0004 |
 Overlapping lesion of colon | 1.090 | 0.909–1.307 | 0.3545 | 1.111 | 0.952–1.298 | 0.1824 |
 Rectum | 1.002 | 0.935–1.074 | 0.9516 | 0.981 | 0.926–1.040 | 0.5211 |
Tumor size (ref, ≤ 5 cm) | ||||||
 >5 cm | 1.029 | 0.984–1.076 | 0.2050 | 1.026 | 0.989–1.066 | 0.1741 |
 Unknown | 1.141 | 1.035–1.258 | 0.0078 | 1.075 | 0.991–1.166 | 0.0810 |
Histology (ref, Adenocarcinoma) | ||||||
 Signet ring cell carcinoma | 1.409 | 1.220–1.626 | <0.0001 | 1.380 | 1.209–1.575 | <0.0001 |
Tumor grade (ref, G1/G2) | ||||||
 G3/G4 | 1.278 | 1.219–1.339 | <0.0001 | 1.184 | 1.137–1.233 | <0.0001 |
 Unknown | 1.143 | 0.987–1.323 | 0.0736 | 1.049 | 0.927–1.186 | 0.4501 |
pT stage (ref, pT1) | ||||||
 pT2 | 1.567 | 1.312–1.872 | <0.0001 | 1.398 | 1.254–1.558 | <0.0001 |
 pT3 | 2.949 | 2.516–3.457 | <0.0001 | 1.796 | 1.628–1.981 | <0.0001 |
 pT4a | 4.429 | 3.746–5.237 | <0.0001 | 2.508 | 2.247–2.799 | <0.0001 |
 pT4b | 4.760 | 4.021–5.634 | <0.0001 | 2.746 | 2.456–3.069 | <0.0001 |
Metastasis (M1 vs. M0) | 4.075 | 3.876–4.284 | <0.0001 | 3.357 | 3.213–3.508 | <0.0001 |