Table 1 Summary of reports of radiographic images of “paving” patterns and pathology results

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

203(44.42 %)

 Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

24

Luo, J., et al. (2014) [16]

35

Mehrian, P., et al. (2014) [9]

14

Souza, C. A., et al. (2012) [17]

15

Ishii, H., et al. (2009) [18]

8

Choi, H. K., et al. (2010) [19]

6

Spira, D., et al. (2013) [20]

6

Cai, X., et al. (2005) [21]

5

Coulier, B., et al. (1999) [22]

5

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

3

Ishii, H., et al. (2009) [18]

3

Mu, X. D., et al. (2008) [23]

3

Akin, M. R. and G. K. Nguyen (2004) [24]

2

Oh, S. J., et al. (2014) [25]

2

Luo, J., et al. (2013) [26]

1

Choi, Y. R., et al. (2015) [27]

1

Oda, N., et al. (2015) [28]

1

Kinehara, Y., et al. (2014) [29]

1

Albores, J., et al. (2013) [30]

1

Moisan, M., et al. (2013) [31]

1

Langwieler, S., et al. (2012) [32]

1

Jayaraman, S., et al. (2010) [33]

1

Maimon, N. and D. Heimer (2010) [34]

1

Ueda, Y., et al. (2009) [35]

1

McDermott, H., et al. (2009) [36]

1

Matsunaga, K., et al. (2008) [37]

1

Sugimoto, C., et al. (2006) [38]

1

De Arriba, C., et al. (2006) [39]

1

Collard, B., et al. (2002) [40]

1

Yokomura, K., et al. (2002) [41]

1

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

 Pediatric PAP

32

Enaud, L., et al. (2014) [42]

22

Berteloot, L., et al. (2014) [43]

 Children PAP

1

El-Dawlatly, A., et al. (2011) [44]

1

Zontsich, T., et al. (1998) [45]

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia

35(7.66 %)

11

Marchiori, E., et al. (2010) [46]

6

Choi, H. K., et al. (2010) [19]

6

Lee, J. Y., et al. (1999) [47]

5

Laurent, F., et al. (1999) [48]

3

Zanetti, G., et al. (2007) [49]

1

Nakashima, S., et al. (2015) [50]

1

Schoofs, C., et al. (2010) [51]

1

Sias, S. M., et al. (2009) [52]

1

Meltzer, E., et al. (2006) [53]

Virus pneumonia

85(18.60 %)

 Influenza virus pneumonia

11

Kloth, C., et al. (2015) [54]

8

Ono, A., et al. (2014) [55]

 Influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia

11

Amorim, V. B., et al. (2013) [56]

4

Henzler, T., et al. (2010) [57]

1

Marchiori, E., et al. (2011) [58]

1

Chandler, T. M., et al. (2010) [59]

 Cytomegalovirus pneumonia

17

Kloth, C., et al. (2015) [54]

 SARS-Coronovirus pneumonia

28

Wong, C. K., et al. (2012) [60]

 Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

1

Goncalves, F. G., et al. (2010) [61]

 Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 related pneumonia

3

Yamashiro, T., et al. (2012) [62]

Bacterial pneumonia

28(6.13 %)

 Bacterial pneumonia

7

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

 P. aeruginosa pneumonia

13

Kloth, C., et al. (2015) [54]

 Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia

7

Ono, A., et al. (2014) [55]

1

Ngo, M. H., et al. (2003) [63]

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis

12(2.63 %)

9

Francisco, F. A., et al. (2015) [64]

1

McDermott, H., et al. (2009) [36]

1

Roca Vanaclocha, Y., et al. (2008) [65]

1

Gasparetto, E. L., et al. (2004) [66]

Pulmonary nocardiosis

5(1.09 %)

Tsujimoto, N., et al. (2012) [67]

Granulomatous mycosis fungoides

1(0.22 %)

Sverzellati, N., et al. (2006) [68]

Tuberculosis

1(0.22 %)

Huang, H. and P. X. Lu (2013) [69]

1(0.22 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

Mycoplasma pneumonia

2(0.44 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

P carinii-induced pneumonia

4(0.88 %)

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

1(0.22 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

Pulmonary Leptospirosis

3(0.66 %)

von Ranke, F. M., et al. (2015) [70]

1(0.22 %)

Marchiori, E., et al. (2008) [71]

Obstructive pneumonitis

1(0.22 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

ARDS

8(1.75 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

1(0.22 %)

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

Pulmonary hemorrhage

3(0.66 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

1(0.22 %)

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia

2(0.44 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

1(0.22 %)

Scordino, D. and L. Regan (2014) [72]

Interstitial pneumonia

1(0.22 %)

Chen, G. L., et al. (2014) [73]

Usual interstitial pneumonia

2(0.44 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

1(0.22 %)

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

Non-specific interstitial pneumonia

1(0.22 %)

Coche, E., et al. (2001) [74]

Acute interstitial pneumonia

5(1.09 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

Organizing pneumonia

1(0.22 %)

Utrilla Contreras, C., et al. (2014) [75]

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia

1(0.22 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

Systemic lupus erythematosus

1(0.22 %)

Hisada, T., et al. (2006) [76]

Nonclassifiable interstitial pneumonia

4(0.88 %)

Song, I., et al. (2012) [77]

Malignant melanoma metastasis

1(0.22 %)

Kalchiem-Dekel, O., et al. (2015) [7]

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma

1(0.22 %)

Fraser, T. and A. Nagarur (2015) [78]

Adult T-cell leukemia or lymphoma

4(0.88 %)

Okada, F., et al. (2004) [79]

AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma

1(0.22 %)

Matsunaga, K., et al. (2008) [37]

Pulmonary lymphedema

1(0.22 %)

Ohnishi, H., et al. (2014) [80]

Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

2(0.44 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

1(0.22 %)

Senturk, A., et al. (2013) [81]

1(0.22 %)

Maimon, N., et al. (2006) [82]

Niemann-Pick disease

1(0.22 %)

Castanon Martinez, R., et al. (2012) [83]

Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome after bone marrow transplantation

1(0.22 %)

Gasparetto, T. D., et al. (2008) [84]

Barium aspiration

1(0.22 %)

Akata, S., et al. (2007) [85]

Bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma

2(0.44 %)

Que, C. L., et al. (2006) [86]

1(0.22 %)

Kunimasa, K., et al. (2015) [87]

1(0.22 %)

Rossi, S. E., et al. (2003) [8]

Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

1(0.22 %)

Takeshita, T., et al. (2005) [88]

Squalene aspiration pneumonia

8(1.75 %)

Lee, K. H., et al. (2005) [89]

Thoracic lymphangiectasis

1(0.22 %)

Orliaguet, O., et al. (2002) [90]

Near drowning

3(0.66 %)

Kim, K. I., et al. (2000) [91]

Radiation pneumonitis

3(0.66 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

1(0.22 %)

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

Drug-induced pneumonitis

3(0.66 %)

Johkoh, T., et al. (1999) [14]

1(0.22 %)

Murayama, S., et al. (1999) [15]

Total

457