Total coffee consumption | Filtered coffee consumption | Instant coffee consumption | Boiled coffee consumption | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age-adjusted | Multivariablea | Age-adjusted | Multivariableb | Age-adjusted | Multivariableb | Age-adjusted | Multivariableb | |
HR | HR | HR | HR | HR | HR | HR | HR | |
95 % CI | 95 % CI | 95 % CI | 95 % CI | 95 % CI | 95 % CI | 95 % CI | 95 % CI | |
Light consumers | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
≤1 cup/day | ||||||||
Low-moderate consumers | 0.93 (0.76–1.14) | 0.95 (0.78–1.16) | 0.85 (0.71–1.02) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) | 1.34 (1.01–1.77) | 1.17 (0.88–1.57) | 1.01 (0.74–1.39) | 1.13 (0.81–1.58) |
>1–3 cups/day | ||||||||
High-moderate consumers | 0.77 (0.63–0.96) | 0.85 (0.68–1.05) | 0.77 (0.62–0.96) | 0.77 (0.61–0.97) | 0.92 (0.52–1.63) | 0.85 (0.48–1.52) | 0.74 (0.48–1.13) | 0.89 (0.58–1.39) |
>3–5 cups/day | ||||||||
Heavy consumers | 0.72 (0.56–0.92) | 0.88 (0.67–1.14) | 0.68 (0.50–0.92) | 0.74 (0.53–1.02) | 1.56 (0.78–3.10) | 1.45 (0.72–2.92) | 0.66 (0.38–1.14) | 0.87 (0.49–1.55) |
>5 cups/day | ||||||||
p trend | 0.002 | 0.20 | 0.002 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.39 | 0.07 | 0.72 |