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Table 2 Prognostic factors for overall and cancer-specific mortality

From: Better survival in right-sided versus left-sided stage I - III colon cancer patients

  

Cox regression for overall survival

Cox regression for cancer-specific survival

  

Unadjusteda

Adjustedb

Unadjusteda

Adjustedb

  

HR (95 % CI)

p c

HR (95 % CI)

p c

HR (95 % CI)

p c

HR (95 % CI)

p c

Cancer side

Left-sided

Reference

<0.001

Reference

0.002

Reference

<0.001

Reference

0.156

 

Right-sided

1.32 (1.29–1.36)

 

1.05 (1.02–1.09)

 

1.23 (1.19–1.27)

 

1.03 (0.99–1.08)

 

Tumor stage

Stage I

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

(AJCC 6th ed.)

Stage II

1.65 (1.59–1.71)

 

1.40 (1.35–1.45)

 

3.00 (2.81–3.20)

 

2.47 (2.31–2.65)

 
 

Stage III

2.34 (2.26–2.42)

 

2.30 (2.22–2.39)

 

6.41 (6.02–6.81)

 

5.79 (5.42–6.18)

 

Number of retrieved

<12

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Regional lymph

12–16

0.90 (0.87–0.92)

 

0.82 (0.79–0.84)

 

0.92 (0.88–0.96)

 

0.78 (0.75–0.82)

 

Nodes

17+

0.75 (0.73–0.77)

 

0.69 (0.67–0.72)

 

0.81 (0.78–0.84)

 

0.66 (0.64–0.69)

 

Grading

G1

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

G2

1.20 (1.14–1.26)

 

1.05 (1.00–1.10)

 

1.46 (1.36–1.56)

 

1.10 (1.03–1.18)

 
 

G3

1.76 (1.67–1.85)

 

1.28 (1.21–1.35)

 

2.60 (2.41–2.81)

 

1.51 (1.40–1.64)

 
 

G4

2.02 (1.83–2.22)

 

1.50 (1.36–1.66)

 

2.88 (2.53–3.27)

 

1.69 (1.49–1.93)

 
 

Unknown

0.91 (0.84–1.00)

 

1.04 (0.95–1.14)

 

1.03 (0.91–1.18)

 

1.20 (1.06–1.37)

 

Histology

Adenocarcinoma

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

Adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyp

0.53 (0.50–0.56)

 

0.80 (0.76–0.86)

 

0.36 (0.33–0.40)

 

0.71 (0.64–0.79)

 
 

Adenocarcinoma in villous adenoma

0.77 (0.71–0.83)

 

0.93 (0.86–1.01)

 

0.62 (0.55–0.70)

 

0.92 (0.82–1.03)

 
 

Adenocarcinoma in tubulovillous adenoma

0.63 (0.60–0.67)

 

0.84 (0.80–0.89)

 

0.44 (0.40–0.47)

 

0.73 (0.67–0.79)

 
 

Mucinous carcinoma

1.12 (1.08–1.17)

 

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

 

1.14 (1.08–1.20)

 

1.05 (0.99–1.10)

 

CEA

C0-stage

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

C1-stage

1.91 (1.84–1.97)

 

1.61 (1.56–1.67)

 

2.29 (2.19–2.40)

 

1.79 (1.71–1.87)

 
 

Unknown/Borderline

1.42 (1.38–1.46)

 

1.37 (1.33–1.41)

 

1.49 (1.43–1.55)

 

1.48 (1.42–1.54)

 

Operation

Segmental resection

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

Hemi/subtotal colectomy

1.27 (1.24–1.30)

 

1.08 (1.05–1.12)

 

1.26 (1.22–1.31)

 

1.11 (1.06–1.16)

 
 

Other

1.32 (1.18–1.48)

 

1.34 (1.19–1.50)

 

1.66 (1.44–1.91)

 

1.57 (1.36–1.81)

 

Year

2004 to 2006

Reference

<0.001

Reference

0.258

Reference

<0.001

Reference

0.542

 

2007 to 2009

0.93 (0.91–0.96)

 

1.02 (0.99–1.05)

 

0.93 (0.89–0.96)

 

1.02 (0.98–1.06)

 
 

2010 to 2012

0.87 (0.83–0.90)

 

0.98 (0.94–1.03)

 

0.87 (0.83–0.92)

 

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

 

Age

Up to 49 years

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

50 to 64 years

1.14 (1.07–1.22)

 

1.20 (1.12–1.28)

 

0.94 (0.87–1.01)

 

1.04 (0.97–1.13)

 
 

65 to 79 years

2.18 (2.05–2.33)

 

2.30 (2.15–2.45)

 

1.37 (1.28–1.47)

 

1.57 (1.45–1.69)

 
 

80+ years

5.15 (4.83–5.49)

 

5.10 (4.77–5.45)

 

2.69 (2.50–2.89)

 

2.88 (2.66–3.11)

 

Gender

male

Reference

0.614

Reference

<0.001

Reference

0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

female

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

 

0.75 (0.73–0.77)

 

1.06 (1.02–1.09)

 

0.84 (0.81–0.87)

 

Ethnicity

Caucasian

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

African-American

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

 

1.17 (1.13–1.22)

 

1.19 (1.13–1.25)

 

1.24 (1.18–1.30)

 
 

Other/Unknown

0.70 (0.67–0.74)

 

0.77 (0.73–0.81)

 

0.81 (0.76–0.87)

 

0.83 (0.78–0.89)

 

Marital status

Married

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

Reference

<0.001

 

Single

1.32 (1.27–1.37)

 

1.46 (1.40–1.52)

 

1.40 (1.33–1.47)

 

1.41 (1.33–1.48)

 
 

Widowed

2.21 (2.15–2.28)

 

1.42 (1.37–1.46)

 

1.91 (1.84–1.99)

 

1.34 (1.28–1.40)

 
 

Other/Unknown

1.25 (1.20–1.30)

 

1.28 (1.23–1.33)

 

1.21 (1.15–1.28)

 

1.19 (1.13–1.26)

 
  1. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence intervals (Wald type)
  2. The number of positive regional lymph nodes and T-stage were excluded from analysis to avoid collinearity with stage
  3. AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer, CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen
  4. aUnivariate Cox regression analysis, bmultivariable Cox regression analysis full model, clikelihood ratio tests