Fig. 5

AVX235 reduces endothelial cell proliferation and targets immature vessels. a 40× image of a lectin- (blue) and Ki67-stained (brown) tumor section. Scale bar = 20 μm. b The same image showing the result of the automated segmentation. Lectin-stained blood vessels are outlined in white, Ki67-positive proliferating nuclei in black, and proliferating endothelial cells (PECs) in red. c Dot plot of the number of PECs per mm² of blood vessel. Horizontal lines indicate group medians. d 10× image of a lectin- (blue) and α-SMA-stained (brown) tumor section. Scale bar = 100 μm. e Corresponding composite image of the automatically segmented α-SMA-positive (red, pericytes), lectin-positive (green, blood vessels), and lectin^α-SMA− (blue, immature vessels) regions. f Dot plot of the lectin^α-SMA− area fraction for each tumor. Horizontal lines indicate group medians. * p < 0.05, two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test